Genetic improvement of long-grain aromatic rices through mutation approach.

摘要

Non-lodging, high-yielding, long-grain aromatic rice cultivars were developed in Cuttack, Orissa, India, through gamma -radiation-induced mutation. Mutant lines were developed from 3 elite basmati cultivars, i.e. Basmati 370, Pusa Basmati 1 and Pakistan Basmati. A mutant line derived from Basmati 370, CR 2007-1(IET 17276), was found to be highly promising in the basmati growing areas of Haryana and Punjab, India, in the multilocation trials. This promising mutant line consistently showed significant yield superiority over Pusa Basmati (5.36%) and Taroari Basmati (64.04%), and had all the desirable basmati grain quality traits that were closer to those of Taroari Basmati. The line was also resistant to rice neck blast [Magnaporthe grisea], moderately resistant to brown spot [Cochliobolus miyabeanus], and to biotype 1 of rice gall midge [Orseolia oryzae]. Other mutants with greater yield potential than Pusa Basmati 1 were also obtained, but their quality characteristics did not reach the standards set for Basmati rice..