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Old manor parks as potential habitats for forest flora in agricultural landscapes of Estonia.

机译:老庄园公园是爱沙尼亚农业景观中森林植物区系的潜在栖息地。

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Forest biodiversity conservation in intensively managed agricultural landscapes is a constant concern. The dispersal ability of forest plants is, hypothetically, the major limiting factor in fragmented forest landscapes and, therefore, we tested the validity of the theoretical dispersal scheme for plants in fragmented landscapes: ancient forest > woody corridor > emerging forest patch. To this end, we examined the distribution pattern of forest-dwelling plant species in rural landscapes, specifically the occurrence of common forest plant species in old historical forests and in closed-canopy stands of rural ornamental parks, planted on an agricultural land one-two centuries ago. We found that (i) the shade tolerant plant flora in parks' stands more resemble forests than woody linear habitats (corridors), (ii) nearly 50% of the local forest species pool was present in parks, (iii) the abundance of seed source habitats and the ecological quality of the target habitat determine success rate of colonization. Models predicted that optimal stand characteristics for forest herbs are a minimum area 2.5 ha, canopy closure 0.7-0.8, basal area of trees 10-20 m2 ha-1 and the presence of moderate understory management. We conclude that only patch-type habitats provide suitable environmental conditions for forest-specific plant species. Many common forest plant species are capable of long-distance dispersal between habitat patches across hostile agricultural land, and accordingly, their dispersal follows a modified scheme of the island biogeography, without intermediary role of corridor habitats. Old rural manor parks provide an ecosystem service for nature conservation by harbouring forest biodiversity, and should be considered as potential refugium habitats.Digital Object Identifier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.034
机译:在集约化管理的农业景观中保护森林生物多样性一直是人们关注的问题。假设森林植物的散布能力是零散的森林景观中的主要限制因素,因此,我们测试了零散景观中植物的理论散布方案的有效性:古代森林>木本走廊>新兴森林斑块。为此,我们研究了农村景观中居住于森林的植物物种的分布模式,特别是在历史悠久的森林和农村观赏公园的封闭冠层林中(种植在一到两片农田上)常见的森林植物物种的发生情况。几个世纪前。我们发现(i)公园林分中的耐荫植物区系比木质线性栖息地(走廊)更像森林,(ii)公园中存在近50%的当地森林物种库,(iii)种子丰富源生境和目标生境的生态质量决定了定殖的成功率。模型预测森林药材的最佳林分特征是最小面积2.5公顷,树冠封闭0.7-0.8,树木的基础面积10-20 m 2 ha -1 和存在适度的底层管理。我们得出的结论是,只有斑块型栖息地才能为特定于森林的植物物种提供合适的环境条件。许多常见的森林植物物种能够在敌对农业用地的生境斑块之间进行远距离扩散,因此,它们的扩散遵循岛屿生物地理学的一种改良方案,而没有走廊生境的中介作用。老农村庄园公园通过掩藏森林生物多样性为自然保护提供生态系统服务,应被视为潜在的避难所栖息地。数字对象标识符http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.034

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