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Pollution
>2020年第3期
Pollution
中文名称:污染
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1.
Diversity of Lichen Flora in Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park, Kaatuan, Lantapan, Bukidnon
机译:
地衣植物群的多样性在Mt. Kitanglad范围自然公园,Kaatuan,Lantapan,Bukidnon
作者:
M.L. Cababan
;
M. M. Memoracion
;
M. A. Naive
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
This study was conducted to identify and classify the lichensdeterminethe diversity index and richness of lichens. A total of 36 species belonging to six generaunder three families was identified. Lichen species were mostly found at moderate highaltitudinal range with an elevation of 1131 meters above sea level and open areas wherethey received adequate sunlight with high moisture and humidity contents. Diversitycomposition and altitudinal distribution of lichens was evaluated in Mt. Kitanglad RangeKaatauanLantapanBukidnonPhilippines a wet forest type forest. The maximumspecies richness was reported on Usnea rubicunda Stirt. The abiotic factors were shownto be essential in adapting the relative abundance of lichens for it is capable to survive inthe range of light levelsit appears that drier and lighter conditions competitively favored.Additionallylichen diversity is dependent on the climatic and environmental conditionswhich makes them as an excellent biological indicators of ecosystem changes in theforests of Mindanao IslandPhilippines.;
2.
Evaluation of PM2.5 Emissions in Tehran by Means of Remote Sensing and Regression Models
机译:
通过遥感和回归模型评估德黑兰的PM2.5排放量
作者:
H. Jafarian
;
S. Behzadi
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
Defined as any substance in the air that may harm humansanimalsvegetationand materialsair pollution poses a great danger to human health. It has turnedinto a worldwide problem as well as a huge environmental risk. Recent years havewitnessed the increase of air pollution in many cities around the world. Similarlyit hasbecome a big problem in Iran. Although ground-level monitoring can provide accuratePM2.5 measurementsit has limited spatial coverage and resolution. As a resultSatelliteRemote Sensing (RS) has emerged as an approach to estimate ground-level ambient airpollutionmaking it possible to monitor atmospheric particulate matters continuously andhave a spatial coverage of them. Recent studies show a high correlation between groundlevel PM2.5estimated by RS on the one handand measurementscollected at regulatorymonitoring sites on the other. As suchthe present study addresses the relation betweenair pollution and satellite images. For so doingit derives RS estimatesusing satellitemeasurements from Landsat satellite images. Monitoring data is the daily concentrationof PM2.5 contaminantsobtained from air pollution stations. The relation between theconcentration of pollutants and the values of various bands of Landsat satellite images isexamined through 19 regression models. Among themthe Ensembles Bagged Trees hasthe lowest Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE)equal to 21.88. Results show that thismodel can be used to estimate PM2.5 contaminantsbased on Landsat satellite images.;
3.
Modeling and Optimization of Arsenic (III) Removal from Aqueous Solutions by GFO Using Response Surface Methodology
机译:
GFO使用响应表面方法从水溶液中除去砷(III)的建模与优化
作者:
F. S. Tabatabaei
;
H. Izanloo
;
H. Heidari
;
N. Vaezi
;
M. Zamanzadeh
;
A. Nadali
;
R. Aali
;
M. Asadi-Ghalhari
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
Arsenic is a highly toxic element for human beingswhich is generallyfound in groundwater. Dissolved Arsenic in water can be seen as As+3 and As+5 states.The adsorption process is one of the available methods to remove Arsenic from aqueoussolutions. Thusthis papers aims at removing Arsenic (III) from aqueous solutionsthrough adsorption on iron oxide granules. The relation among four independentvariablesnamely the initial concentration of Arsenic (III)pHadsorbent doseandcontact time have been investigated through Response Surface Methodology. DesignExpertsoftware and Central Composite Design method have been used to design andanalyze the experiments and results. AlsoSEM and FTIR analysis have been conductedto characterize the absorbent morphology. The optimum initial concentration of Arsenic(III)pHcontact timeand adsorbent dosage are 30ppm549.99minand 8g/lrespectively. Under these optimum conditionsthe Arsenic (III) removal efficiency is67. The predicted 2FI model shows the highest Arsenic removal coefficient (R2=0.887).;
4.
Qualitative Analysis of Plastic Debris on Beaches of Brunei Darussalam
机译:
文莱达鲁萨兰海滩塑料碎片定性分析
作者:
Z. Qaisrani
;
S. Shams
;
Z. R. Guo
;
A. A. Mamun
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
Plastic debris is one of the major environmental concerns for the coastalarea of Brunei Darussalam. It reduces the aesthetic appeals of the beaches in the country.The current study investigates marine debris on six different beaches of BruneiDarussalam along the South China Sea. Plastic was found the most abundant amongwhole debris by number (90.02) and by weight (39.12). It was classified by size(micro (lt5 mm)meso (5-20 mm)macro (21-100)and mega (gt100 mm))colour(transparentcolouredwhite and black). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)was used to investigate the types of plastics and additives present in it. Statisticalanalysis using Minitab 17 and Kruskal-Wallis test was performed for comparison of dataat different study sites. All major types of plastics were found in different forms withvarying quantities from which toxic chemicals may leach out during degradation. Thehighest abundance by the number of plastic debris was found on Muara beach with amean value 74.428 n/m2± 34.33 n/m2while the lowest abundance was found on Lumutbeach 53 n/m2± 20.9 n/m2. The study shows beaches used for recreational facilities arelikely to have more debris as compared to other beaches.;
5.
Heavy Metal Pollution from Dental Clinics–Part 1:Annual Emissions Assessment
机译:
牙科诊所的重金属污染 - 第1部分:年度排放评估
作者:
A. Bena?ssa
;
M. S. Madjram
;
B. Taouk
;
L. Abdelouahed
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
This study aimed to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals in liquideffluents and to quantify the mercury content in dental amalgam waste generated bydental clinics. Three neighbouring cities in Northeast Algeria were considered in thisstudy (ConstantineSkikdaand Annaba). Heavy metalssuch as HgCuZnFeNiMnCrCdand Pbwere analysed in wastewater and then compared with acceptable standardvalues. Special attention was given to mercurybecause of its dangerous effects. Theresults collected indicated the presence of heavy metal contamination in dentalwastewater. Heavy metal concentrations were significantly high for all heavy metals andexceeded the allowed concentrations. HoweverPb and Cr were shown to have acceptableconcentrations. This study highlights the possible contamination of the environment bymercury and heavy metals generated by dental clinics. This study also demonstrates anorder of magnitude of the concentration of these heavy metal in a large agglomerationwith a population of 2.5 million people.;
6.
A Regression-Based Analysis to Assess the Impact of Fluoride Reach River Water on the Groundwater Aquifer Adjacent to the River: A Case Study in Bharalu River Basin of Guwahati, India
机译:
基于回归的分析,以评估氟化河在河流附近的地下水含水层上的影响:以印度古瓦哈蒂河岸盆地的案例研究
作者:
M. Das
;
R. K. Bhattacharjya
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
Fluoride is one of the parameters which is non-degradable and naturallyoccurring inorganic anion found in many natural streamslakesand groundwater. Seriousproblems are faced in several parts of India due to the high consumption of fluoridethrough drinking water. These may cause dental and skeletal fluorosis to humans. Thisstudy aims to examine the level of fluoride in both Bharalu river water and groundwaterwithin Guwahati cityAssamIndiaand also to analyze the impact of fluoride reach riverwater on the groundwater aquifer adjacent to the river. From the investigationit has beenobserved that the concentration of fluoride varies from 0.02 to 3.73 mg/l in river waterand 0.04 to 4.7 mg/l in the case of groundwater. The statistical analysis shows that thereis a strong correlation between the fluoride concentration of river water and groundwater.This indicates that the groundwater might have contaminated by the polluted river water.;
7.
Dissipation of butachlor by a new strain of Pseudomonas sp. isolated from paddy soils
机译:
丁香腐蚀的抑制因纯菌菌株SP。从水稻土壤隔离
作者:
A. A. Pourbabaei
;
E. Khoshhal Nakhjiri
;
E. Torabi
;
M. Farahbakhsh
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
Butachlor (BUT) is a chloroacetanilide herbicide widely applied to ricepaddies to control annual grass and broad-leaf weeds. A BUT-degrading bacterial strain(PK) was isolated from paddy soils. Biochemical and 16S rRNA sequencingcharacteristics confirmed the strain as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (99 resemblance). Theisolate dissipated BUT (100 μg/mL) in an M9 liquid medium with a rate of 0.5 ± 0.03day-1and DT50 and DT90 of 1.38 ± 0.10 days and 4.58 ± 0.32 daysrespectively. Soildissipation of BUT was investigated under flooded conditions. In sterile soilsthe isolateincreased the dissipation of BUT (200 μg/g) (DT50 = 12.38 ± 1.83 daysDT90 = 41.12 ±6.09 daysk = 0.06 ± 0.01 day-1) compared to sterile non-inoculated samples (DT50 =26.87 ± 2.82 daysDT90 = 89.25 ± 9.36 daysk = 0.03 ± 0.00 day-1). In non-inoculatednon-sterile soil experimentsthe dissipation of BUT was faster (DT50 = 15.17 ± 2.11 daysDT90 = 50.38 ± 7.02 daysk = 0.05 ± 0.00 day-1) compared to non-inoculated sterile onesand inoculating the isolate accelerated the removal of BUT in non-sterile soilssignificantly (DT50 = 8.03 ± 1.20 daysDT90 = 26.68 ± 3.97 daysk = 0.09 ± 0.01 day-1).BUT inhibited soil respiration (SR) initially for 5 daysfollowed by an increase until day20. The increase in SR was more pronounced in the co-presence of BUT and the isolate.The results of this research suggest P. aeruginosa PK as a suitable candidate for BUTbioremediation.;
8.
Carcinogen Risk Assessment of Mutagen X in Chlorinated Drinking Water in West of Tehran, Using Probabilistic Approaches
机译:
探测器方法,德黑兰西部氯化饮用水中的致癌物质风险评估
作者:
M. Bagheban
;
H. Karyab
;
M. Baghdadi
;
A. Mohammadi
;
B. Akbarpour
;
A. Keshtkar
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
The present study aims at evaluating the risk of Mutagen X (MX) (3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2 (5H)-furanone) and adverse health effectsassociated with direct ingestion of chlorinated drinking water in west of Tehransuppliedby chlorinated drinking water from surface and underground water sources. For one yearMX concentrations in tap water samples has been measured for consumers in fourdifferent zones in western Tehran. It has been found that average MX concentration in thewhole study area is 24.16 ng/Lwith the highest concentration being in Zone 1 with avalue of 38 ng/L. Alsothe role of water sourcesseasonal changesand effective factorssuch as Total Organic Carbon (TOC) have been evaluated on MX formation. The highestof excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR)estimated as 0.0037E-05belongs to Zone 1which uses surface water to supply drinking waterwhile the lowest can be seen in Zone4being 0.0021E-05. This latter zone utilizes underground water as the water source. Inall zonesthe highest risk of excessive cancer is related to winterranging from 0.0045E-5in Zone 1 to 0.0023E-5 in Zone 4. The estimated number of cancer cases for Zones 1 to 4have been 0.0120.0160.016and 0.004respectivelybased on their population. Theestimated average risk and the number of ELCRcaused by exposure to MXthroughdirect ingestion of drinking water have been 0.0030E-5 and 0.047respectivelyin theentire studied area for the duration of one year.;
9.
Levels of Fine Particulate Matter Bound Trace Metals in Air of Glass Industrial Area; Firozabad
机译:
玻璃工业区空气中细颗粒物质结合金属水平; Firozabad.
作者:
K. Rajouriya
;
H. Rohra
;
A. Taneja
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
The present study deals with sequential extraction of fine particulatematter (PM2.5) bound trace metals in an industrial area of FirozabadIndia. During thestudy perioddaily PM2.5 concentration ranged between 73.49 μg/m3and 113.26 μg/m3with poor air quality index of 196.37. In the present studyCa recorded the highest whileCo had the lowest concentration among all analysed metals. MnNiPbCoand Cu hadhigh bioavailability (34.80-65.80) than other elements. CdPband Cu were found tobe highly enriched (EFgt289-6516) by varied anthropogenic activities. Hazard Quotient(HQ) for NiMnand Cr and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) of Cr(VI) and Niexceeded the respective safer limit (HQgt1 and ELCR≥ 10-6)thus implying serious risk tothe receptors. All the metals had the highest concentration in less mobile and residualfraction except for Ni and Cowhich inferred greater risk due to their high toxicity.Overallthe results present exposure and risk assessment of metal associated particlesthat provides in-depth knowledge of the risk factors through inhalation exposure pathwayof particles associated with industrial environment.;
10.
Assessment of Accumulation and Potential Health Risk of Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn in Fish from North-Eastern Mediterranean Sea
机译:
评估来自东北地中海鱼CR,Mn,Fe,Cu,Cr,Cu和Zn的累积和潜在健康风险
作者:
M. F. Can
;
A. B. Y?lmaz
;
A. Yanar
;
E. K?l??
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
Heavy metal accumulation in aquatic organisms has been an importantissue due to environmental pollution resulting from anthropogenic activities. In thisstudyCrMnFeCuand Zn in the selected fish species (Mullus barbatusSolea soleaand Siganus rivulatus) from three consecutive bays (?skenderunMersinand Antalyafrom North-Eastern Mediterranean Sea) were considered to provide some information onheavy metal accumulation level and assessment of their health risk on both general andfishermen populations. There were some significant differences inter- and intra- species/tissues/bays. The stability in heavy metal accumulation in fish tissues varied and the moststable tissue for CrCuFeMn and Zn were determined as skinmuscleliverliver andmusclerespectively. In generalthe lowest heavy metal values were observed in the fishmuscle. The Target Hazard Quotients (THQ) and Total Target Hazard Quotients (TTHQ)values based on muscle were not exceeded 1.00. Thereforethese results suggest that bothgeneral and fishermen populations are not subjected to the significant potential health riskfrom those bays.;
11.
Effect of Composting Process on Some Chemical-Biological Properties and Heavy Metals Behavior of Municipal Sewage Sludge as Affected by Various Bulking Agents
机译:
堆肥过程对各种膨胀剂影响的城市污水污泥的一些化学生物学及重金属行为
作者:
M. Saffari
;
V. R. Saffari
;
H. Khabazzadeh
;
H. Naghavi
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
The present study tries to investigate the effect of composting process onsome properties and heavy metals status of two municipal sewage sludge (MSS) asaffected by three different organic bulking agents (BAs) at three levels (1025and45 V/V). According to the resultsthe composting process could reduce the fecalcoliform to class Aa reduction more obvious in treatments with BAs than producedcomposts without them. Changes in the chemical properties of the composts varyaccording to the type of MSS and BAs. Based on the compost quality standardmost ofthe produced samples are classified in compost-class II. Examination of the total form ofthree heavy metals (HMs: ZnNiFe) of both MSS shows that composting processwithout BAs increases the HMs total concentrationbut using of BAs have not been cleartrends. In the contraryBAs application reduced the available form of Fe and Nibutincreased the Zn available form. Examination of chemical forms of each studied HMsalso shows that the composting process reduces the Ni and Fe mobility factorbutincreases that of Zn. Generallywhileprepared composts can classify into the compostclassIIbased on their propertiesthe high concentration of total Zn above the standardlimit makes it extremely restrictive to be used as class II compost. Howeveraccording toEPA regulationsthe composts with this concentration of Zn can be used as a relativelysafe organic material on agricultural land.;
12.
Decolorization of Reactive Black-5 High Concentration by Vermicompost Microflora and Detoxification of By-Products by UV-C/H2O2 Post-Treatment
机译:
通过治疗后蠕虫和副产物的反应性黑色-5高浓度的脱色,通过UV-C / H 2 O 2进行副产物
作者:
Z. Emadi
;
M. Sadeghi
;
F. Mohammadi-moghadam
;
R. Sadeghi
;
S. Forouzandeh
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
The presence of synthetic dyes in textile wastewater is a problematic issuefor environmentalist. Nowadaysdye removal is practiced via different methods. Amongall these methodsbiodecolorization is an ideal technique. The present research applesvermicompost microflora to remove reactive black- CpH = 7and underanaerobic condition. At 36hremoval efficiencies of 94.7994.06and 93.6 areobtained for concentrations of 800850and 950 mg/ Lrespectively. It has also beenobserved that when the initial concentration rises to 1400 mg/ Lthe efficiency drops to51.57 at 36h. Alsomethyl redmethyl orangeeriochrome black-tand acid blue-113could be decolorized by the isolated bacterial strain with an efficiency of 94.2992.1090.83and 88.95respectively. Phytotoxicity Test shows that the parent formof reactive black-5 has not been toxic for the seeds (100 germination for Triticumaestivum and 90 for Maize). When reactive black-5 is treated with isolated bacterialstrain under anaerobic conditionnone of the seeds remain germinated which might bedue to the possible formation of toxic aromatic amines intermediates. Thereforeultraviolet C + 100 mM H2O2 has been used as the post-treatment process for detoxifyingof by-products. After the integrated treatment of synthetic wastewatercontaining RB-5complete germination (100) of Triticum aestivum and Maize is observed. In the posttreatmentprocessdue to the generation and activation of hydroxyl radicalsthe toxicaromatic amines compounds convert to the less toxic compounds.;
13.
Assessment of Disposal Scenarios for Solid Waste Management Using Fuzzy Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix; a Case Study of Khorramabad Industrial Estate
机译:
使用模糊快速影响评估矩阵评估固体废物管理的处置方案; Khorramabad Industrate的案例研究
作者:
M. Ghobadi
;
M. Ahmadipari
;
M. Pazoki
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
The present paper tries to assess different scenarios for solid wastemanagement in Khorramabad industrial park. It uses a new hybrid method of fuzzy RapidImpact Assessment Matrixand proposes the Fuzzy theorythe ranking method of whichis innovated so that the accuracy and flexibility of the RIAM method could be improved.Four scenarios are studiednamely open dumpingsanitary landfillgasificationandincineration. They are then evaluated in terms of their physical/chemicalbiological/ecologicalsocial/culturaland economic/operational effects. Afterwardstwoscenarios have been selected with the aim of energy production. The evaluation of theseaspects for each scenario is in accordance to the expert's judgments and field studywiththe results showing that sanitary landfill has had the least undesirable effects. Hencethisapproach is selected as the best scenario for waste management in the studied area.According to the obtained resultsit is suggested to consider sanitary landfills as the mainpart of the waste management hierarchy program of the studied area. Alsoit is highlyrecommended to use the Fuzzy RIAM technique in similar studies and to compare theresults with the new ones in order to examine the accuracy of the new improved method.;
14.
Bio-Accumulation of Lead and Cadmium by Radish (Raphanus sativus) and Cress (Lepidium sativum) under Hydroponic Growing Medium
机译:
萝卜(Raphanus sativus)和水培生长培养基下的萝卜(Raphanus Sativus)和Cress(Lepidium sativum)的生物积累
作者:
F. Hedayatzadeh
;
M. Banaee
;
K. Shayesteh
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
In order to investigate the accumulation and bio-absorption of lead andcadmium in radish and cressthe present study has been conducted in a completelyrandomized design in three replicates in a hydroponic growing medium. The first factorincludes the plant type at two levels (radish and cress)and the second factor is consistedof lead (Pb) (first experiment) at two levels (50 and 100 mg/L)cadmium (Cd) (secondexperiment) at one level (10 mg/L)and a combination of lead and cadmium (thirdexperiment) again at two levels. After 23 daysroots and aerial parts of both plants havebeen dried for 48 hours at 70°C in an oven. Thenhalf gram (0.5 g) of the dried templateshas been used to measure the accumulation of Pb and Cd by means of an atomicabsorption spectrometer. The highest amount of Pb in radish and crest roots belong to 100mg/L concentration and the combined Cd (10) + Pb (100) mg/L treatmentrespectivelyand the highest amount of Cd occurs in Cd (10) + Pb (50) for radish roots and in Cd (10)+ Pb (100) combination for cress. Moreoverthe Translocation Factor (TF)with a valuebelow 1 and higher bio-concentration factor (BCF) in rootscompared to the aerial part ofboth radish and cressseem to be due to the low capability of these plants to transfer Pband Cd from roots to aerial part. There is a high potentiality for lead accumulation in theroots that prevent its transfer to the aerial part.;
15.
Interfering effects of Iron(II) and Arsenic(III) in the Cerium-based adsorption technology in Bangladesh
机译:
铁(II)和砷(III)在孟加拉国铈的吸附技术干扰效果
作者:
M. A. Akbor
;
M. M. Rahman
;
R. Akter
;
S. Hossain
;
S. Ahmed
;
M. A. B. Siddique
;
A. Nahar
;
Khabir Uddin
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
Arsenic (As) contamination in the groundwater of Bangladesh is one ofthe major public health concerns. It has become a challenge to remove As fromgroundwater and a great deal of efforts employed in this regards with limited success.Cerium oxide is one of the important medias of arsenic removal techniques. Nine units ofcerium-based arsenic technology were tested with seven different well waters in fivehydro-geological areas in Bangladesh. Interestinglythe same technology showedvariable results in terms of As removal performance from well water. Thereforethisstudy aimed to investigate the reasons behind the variant performance of the As removaltechnology. The studied wells were contaminated with a range of 283 to 873 μg/L ofarsenic0.35 to 10.4 mg/L of iron0.29 to 6.83 mg/L of phosphate32.5 to 49.5 mg/L ofsilicate0.08 to 0.25 mg/L of sulfate and pH range was 7.11 to 7.65. The cerium-based Asremoval technology consistently produced As safe water from three wells containingmore than 80 As (III) of total arsenic (As) and gt3 mg/L of iron and reduced Asconcentration to below 50 μg/L consistently but failed at other four wells containing lessthan 75 As (III) of tAs and lt3.6 mg/L of iron. The test results confirm that the mainreason of poor performance was lower concentration of As (III) and iron in groundwater.Thereforebefore choosing a technique for As removal should follow the As speciation inthe water system.;
16.
Road Traffic and PM10, PM2.5 Emission at an Urban Area in Algeria: Identification and Statistical Analysis
机译:
公路交通和PM10,PM2.5在阿尔及利亚市区的排放:鉴定和统计分析
作者:
N. Belarbi
;
M. Belamri
;
B. Dahmani
;
M. A. Benamar
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
Air quality in greater Algiersin Algeria was assessed analyzing aerosolparticulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) at a site influenced by heavy road traffic.Particulate matters were collected using a Gent sampler to characterize the atmosphericaerosol of Algiers. An Energy dispersive X ray spectrometer (EDXRF) was used todetermine the heavy metal concentrations in the PM2.5 and PM10 size fractions.Principal Component analysis and Enrichment factor were used to identify the majorsources of air pollutants for PM10 fraction in the studied area. Backward trajectories werecalculated in order to identify potential distant sources that contribute to particulatepollution in our site. Significant concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM10 as well as associatedheavy metals have been documented. The mean concentrations of heavy metals containedin PM10 and PM2.5 werein descending orderFegtZngtNigtPbgtMngtCogtCrPbgtMngtCogtFegtZngtNigtCr respectively. The contribution of road traffic to the levels offine (PM2.5)and coarse (PM10) particles were studied.;
17.
Emission and Environmental Goals in Decision Making Modeling for Load Dispatch
机译:
负载调度建模的决策中的排放和环境目标
作者:
M. H. Karim
;
H. Memarian
;
Y. Valitabar
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
The main purpose of this research is to determine the generation quantityof each generator in a power system. In this waynot only will the electricity demandedby the system be suppliedbut the cost of fuel along with the level of pollution can beminimized. Obviouslycalculation of the optimal layout of power plants with the aim ofminimizing fuel costs and pollutants level contributes to sustainable socio-economicdevelopment. For this purposemodeling a multi-objective decision making frameworkby means of the weighting method makes it possible to attain the mentioned goals. Aftermodeling the goals and constraints of the power systemthe problem associated witheconomic-environmental load dispatch with the Institute of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers 30-Bus data is optimized by means of the Lagrange approach. Moreoverthesensitivity analysis in connection with the weight of short-term costs is conducted todetermine the final point of the system usage. Results show that if the importancecoefficient of the fuel cost reduction is 1 (W=1)the economic and environmental loaddispatch will pose some problems for the economic load dispatch. In contrastif theimportance coefficient of the reducing fuel cost is zero (W=0)the economic andenvironmental load dispatch will become problematic for environmental load dispatch.Incidentallythe trade off curve of the fuel cost and the pollutant amount involves thefunctional information for the system operator. The current research is mainly innovativein its use of a method to reduce fuel consumption and environmental impacts on emissionat optimization process. This canin turnlead to generation of sustainable energy.;
18.
Response surface method Optimization of the Dyes Degradation using Zero-Valent Iron based Bimetallic Nanoparticle on the Bentonite Clay Surface
机译:
响应面法优化染料粘土表面上零型铁基二金属纳米粒子的染料劣化
作者:
M. R. Sabouri
;
M. R. Sohrabi
;
A. Zeraatkar Moghaddam
期刊名称:
《Pollution》
|
2020年第3期
关键词:
Immobilizing of zero-valent iron in mono- and bi-metallic systems on thebentonite clay surface as new nanocatalyst were synthesized and used to degrade modelacidic dyes from aqueous media. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopyscanningelectron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopytransmission electronmicroscopyX-ray diffractionand Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis were used tocharacterize the synthesized nanocompositeswhich demonstrated successful loading ofnanoscale Fe-Cu bi-metallic onto bentonite support. Different variables controlling thecongo redmethyl orange and methyl red dyes degradation using zero-valent iron basedbimetallic nanoparticle on the bentonite clay surface as new nanocatalyst wereconcurrently optimized through an experimental design. Basic evaluations proved thenanocatalyst quantitymedium pHinitial dye concentrationand contact time as the mostimportant variables influencing the degradation phenomenon and hence a responsesurface methodology based on the central composite design was conducted to determinethe relations between the variables and the degradation efficiencies. The statistical factors(e.g. R2and F-value) of the derived models were considered. Using response surface plotsobtained through the modelsthe effects of the variables on the degradation efficienciesfor each dye were assessed. Alsothe Nelder-Mead non-linear optimizations wereperformed and the optimal degradation efficiencies at a 95 confidence level weredetermined which were found to comply with the respective experimental responsevalues.;
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