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Pollution

中文名称：污染

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1.Chronological Studies of Traffic Pollution Using Elemental Analysis of Tree Rings: Case Study of Haatso-atomic Road

机译：树木戒指元素分析交通污染的年代学研究：哈哈 - 原子道路案例研究
- 作者：G. Edusei;J. B. Tandoh;R. Edziah;O. Gyampo
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第2期
- Mitigation of atmospheric pollution has been a topic of concern over thepast decades. In this studytree rings have been used to reconstruct past climates as wellas to assess the effects of recent climatic and environmental changes on tree growth.Vehicular emission is one of the major sources of pollutants in the atmosphere and thisstudy focused on the Haatso-Atomic road which over the years has been a spot for heavyvehicular traffic. Swietenia mahagoni (Mahogany) tree was logged and the rings countedand age determined to be 61 years spanning from 1957 to 2018. X-ray fluorescence(XRF) was used to investigate the presence of the following heavy metals. Heavy metals(CuMnZnPbCd and Ni) which ranged from (3.15—9.84mg/kg)(2.58 – 5.49 mg/kg)(8.18 – 15.78mg/kg)(0.12—0.60 mg/kg)(0.01—0.09 mg/kg) and (0.10 – 0.99 mg/kg)respectivelyfrom vehicular emissions were determined for annual rings spanning from1957 to 2018 and surprisingly an increasing trend was observed with some the heavymetals exceeding WHO guidelines. Tree growth rates were calculated through ring widthmeasurements and related to annual precipitation data spanning over the sampling period.It was observed that wet seasons correlate with high growth rates of trees while lowprecipitations seasons related to low or no growth rate of trees.;
2.Using Benthic Diatoms as a Bioindicator to Assess Rural-urban River Conditions in Tropical Area: A Case Study in the Sai Gon River, Vietnam

机译：使用底栖硅藻作为生物indinder，以评估热带地区的农村城市河流条件：越南西加河的案例研究
- 作者：T. L. Pham
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第2期
- The changes in diatom assemblages along an urban-to-rural gradient werecharacterized to assess the ecological status of the Sai Gon RiverVietnam. Diatoms andphysico-chemical variables were measured at 10 stations during dry and rainy season.One-way ANOVA showed that diatom metrics and physicochemical variables weresignificantly different (p lt0.05) between the upper course sites and both the middle- andthe lower sites. Howeverno significant differences were observed between the middlecourse sites and the lower course sites. Achnanthidium minutissimum and A. exigua werepotential indicators of low nutrient in the upper course sitesMelosira granulata andNavicula viridula were preferred moderately eutrophic water in the middle course siteswhile Navicula cryptocephala and Nitzschia palea were tolerant to very heavy pollutionand dominant in the lower course sites. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) resultsshowed that concentration of TSSTNTPBOD5 and COD were the most importantfactors in structuring benthic diatom communities in the Sai Gon River. The results ofthis study indicated that diatom community was sensitive to changes in urban conditionand could be used as an indicator of urbanization.;
3.Artificial Neural Network Modeling for the Management of Oil Slick Transport in the Marine Environments

机译：海洋环境中油幻灯片运输管理的人工神经网络建模
- 作者：M. Janati;M. Kolahdoozan;H. Imanian
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第2期
- Due to an increase in demand of petroleum products which are transportedby vessels or exported by pipelinesoil spill management becomes a controversial issue incoastal environment safety as well as making serious financial problems. After spilling oilin the water bodyoil spreads as a thin layer on the water surface. Currentswaves and windare the main causes of oil slick transport. These phenomena depend on the overallinteraction among gravityviscositysurface tension and interfacial tension of oil in waterbodies. In the current studyArtificial Neural Network (ANN) models have been designedand trained for the prediction of oil spreading and advection under different hydrodynamicconditions. In this regardresults obtained from a multiphase Lagrangian numerical modelare deployed to train ANN model. The mentioned numerical model which is based on themoving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method is developed in the earlier stage of the study.In this research studythe MPS numerical model is first validated and verified against theanalytical formulas which are based on experimental data cited in the literature. Thenvarious hydrodynamic conditions and oil spill scenarios were chosen to obtain differentnumerical model results. Finallynumerical model results are then deployed for trainingANN model to provide a useful tool for urgent prediction of oil slick trajectory in order tomanage the oil slick transport in the coastal environments.;
4.Estimation of Phosphorus Reduction from Wastewater by Artificial Neural Network, Random Forest and M5P Model Tree Approaches

机译：人工神经网络，随机林和M5P模型树方法估计废水中的磷减少
- 作者：S. Kumar;S. Deswal
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第2期
- This study aims to examine the ability of free floating aquatic plants toremove phosphorus and to predict the reduction of phosphorus from rice mill wastewaterusing soft computing techniques. A mesocosm study was conducted at the mill premisesunder normal conditionsand reliable results were obtained. Four aquatic plantsnamelywater hyacinthwater lettucesalviniaand duckweed were used for this study. Thegrowth of all the plants was inhibited in rice mill wastewater due to low pHhighchemical oxygen demandhigh conductivityand high phosphorus concentration.Subsequentlya 1:1 ratio of mill water to tap water was used. A control was maintained toassess the aquatic plant technology. In this studythe aquatic plants reduced the totalphosphorus content up to 80 within 15 days. A comparison between three modelingtechniques e.g. Artificial neural network (ANN)Random forest (RF) and M5P has beendone considering the reduction rate of total phosphorus as predicted variable. In thispaperthe data set has been divided in two parts70 is used to train the model andresidual 30 is used for testing of the model. Artificial neural network shows promisingresults as compared to random forest and M5P tree modelling. The root mean square error(RMSE) for all the three models is observed as 0.01620.0204 and 0.0492 for ANNRFand M5P treerespectively.;
5.Phytotoxicity of Lead and Chromium on Germination, Seedling Establishment and Metal Uptake by Kenaf and Mesta

机译：铅毒性和铬的铅和铬，康菲和梅斯塔萌发，幼苗建立和金属吸收
- 作者：R. Sultana;S. M. N. Islam;M. W. Zaman;N. Uddin
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第2期
- Heavy metal contaminated soil raises major global environmental andagricultural concern. Recently soil pollution through lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr)becoming serious problem and remediation or utilization of those contaminated soil withpotential crops is of the outmost importance. The objectives of present study were toexamine the effects of Pb and Cr on three different kenaf and mesta varieties for seedgerminationseedling establishment and amount of Pb and Cr uptake by tested varietiesin laboratory condition. Three varieties were used for the study namelyHC-95 (kenaf)CPL-72126 (mesta) and Samu-93 (mesta) and the treatments were combination of Pb andCr chemical at (00)(6060)(8080)(100100) and (120120) mg/L. Increased level oflead and chromium gradually reduced the germination percentage and primary growthparameters compared to control. The shoot and root lengths were affected only littlewhereasthe biomass showed a considerable reduction with the increase of Pb and Crtoxicity. Stress tolerance indices showed a gradual and negative response by the plantwith the increase of metal concentrations. Howeverin all the levels of Pb and Crtreatmentthe seedlings were capable to tolerate the toxicity and seedlings wereestablished. Bioaccumulation of Cr was higher than that of Pb in all varieties and in alltreatments. The interaction of Pb and Cr reduced the toxic effect of both metals to theplants. The findings are helpful for selecting fiber crop varieties for cultivation incontaminated soils or phytoremediation of Pb and Cr from the contaminated soils.;
6.Fixed Bed Column Modeling of Cd(II) Adsorption on Bone Char Using Backward Bayesian Multiple Linear Regression

机译：使用落贝塞斯多线性回归对骨炭的CD（II）吸附的固定床柱建模
- 作者：M. J. Amiri;M. R. Mahmoudi;M. Khozaei
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第2期
- In this workthe backward Bayesian multiple linear regression (BBMLR)as a new approach is presented to predict the adsorption efficiency (AE) of Cd(II) ions byostrich bone char (OBC) in the fixed bed adsorption with four operational variablesconsisting of pH (2-9)inlet Cd(II) concentration (Co= 25-100 mg/L)bed depth (h= 3-9cm) and feed flow rate (Q= 0.5-30 mL/min). The performance of the BBMLR wasevaluated using the coefficient of determination (R2)normalized root means square error(NRMSE) and mean residual error (MRE). The AE of Cd(II) ions by OBC increased from42.3 to 99.9 when pH was increased from 2 to 9 with h of 6 cm and Q of 1.5 mL min1. It was found that the AE dramatically increased from 70.5 to 99.9 with decreasingQ from 30 to 0.5 mL min-1at pH of 7 and h of 6 cm. At pH= 7 and Q= 1.5 mL min-1theAE increased from 71.9 to 100 when h increased from 3 to 9 cm. The BBMLR modelpresented excellent performance (NRMSE=6.69) for predicting Cd(II) removal in acontinuous adsorption systemalthough it gave a slight underestimation (approximately3.52). The BBMLR is more sensitive to the pHfollowed by h and Qwhile the Co hasno significant effect on it. This research displays that OBC has great potential as an ecofriendlylow-cost adsorbent in removing Cd(II) ions from the contaminated waters.;
7.Dust Crises and its Regional Geopolitical and Security Impact in West Asia

机译：西亚的尘埃危机及其区域地缘政治和安全影响
- 作者：A. Abdi;Q. Yazdanpanah;Z. Javadi
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第2期
- Western Asia has recently become an arena for significant upheavals ofvarious kindsbe it politicalsafety-relatedgeopoliticalsocialetc. These have in turnfocalized the salience of the region as well as its ensuing situation and challenges on aglobal perspective. Such a naturally-born phenomenon is characterizedamidst otherfactorsby its transregional qualitygranting it some sort of geopolitical peculiarity. Theoccurrence of haze would implicate a merged endeavor on part of the countriesengagedin this cross-regional abnormality. This joint endeavor ishoweverhindered and at timesexacerbated due to certain political inconsistencies among the countriesundoubtedlyrising from differences in ideologyreligionpoliticsand social standards. In this lightthe present study seeks to inquire the impacts of hazeas a geopolitical phenomenononinvolved countries. It also tries to find out whether subsequent implications of thispredicament could in effect be employed to establish new relations among ratherstandoffishnations or if they are merely components of a cold relation among countriesand could intensify each nation’s problemsreducing the overall quality of life further.The findings indicate that despite the existent domestic and transregional problemspublic opinion tends to establish joint cooperation among the engaged countries. This isnot in the least a result of fear of a low life quality among the inhabitants of the saidnations.;
8.Effect of Co-existing Heavy Metals and Natural Organic Matter on Sorption/Desorption of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil: A Review

机译：共存重金属和天然有机物对土壤中多环芳烃吸附/解吸的影响：综述
- 作者：M. Saeedi;Loretta Y. Li;John R. Grace
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)abundant in mixedcontaminant sitesoften coexist with heavy metals. The fate and remediation of PAHsdepend heavily on the sorption and desorption behavior of these contaminants. Thesorption behavior can in turn be highly affected by certain soil components andpropertiessuch as soil organic matter (SOM) and the presence of heavy metals. Throughreview of the literature focused on research from 2006 to 2018this paper discussesinteractionschallengesinfluencing factors and potential synergies in sorption/desorptionof mixed PAHs and heavy metal contamination of soil. The presence of either naturalorganic matter or heavy metals can enhance the sorption capability of fine soilretardingthe PAHs in the solid matrix. The co-existence of SOM and heavy metals has beenreported to have synergistic effect on PAHs sorption. Enhanced and surfactant desorptionof PAHs are also affected by the presence of both SOM and metals. Remediationtechniques for PAHs removal from soilsuch as soil washingsoil flushing andelectrokineticscan be affected by the presence of SOM and heavy metals. More detailedstudies on the simultaneous effects of soil components and properties on thesorption/desorption of PAHs are needed to enhance the effectiveness of PAHsremediation technologies.;
9.Sustainability of Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles Blended Mahua Biodiesel to the Direct Injection Diesel Engine Performance and Emission Analysis

机译：氧化铝纳米粒子的可持续性混合Mahua生物柴油直接注射柴油机性能和排放分析
- 作者：P. M. Rastogi;N. Kumar;A. Sharma;D. Vyas;A. Gajbhiye
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- The study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticles as anadditive to Madhuca Indica (mahua) methyl ester blends on performanceemissionanalysis of a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine operated at a constant speed atdifferent operating conditions. The test fuels are indicated as B10A0.2B10A0.4B20A0.2B20A0.4 and diesel respectively. The results indicate that the brake thermalefficiency for aluminium oxide nanoparticles blended biodiesel increases slightly whencompared to the mineral diesel. The carbon monoxide (CO)unburnt hydrocarbon (HC)and smoke emission marginally decrease as compared to mineral diesel. Oxides ofnitrogen (NOx) emissions are minimum for the aluminium oxide nanoparticles blendedmahua methyl esters. Higher cylinder gas pressure and heat release rate were observed foraluminium oxide nanoparticles blended mahua methyl ester. From the studythe blendingof aluminium oxide nanoparticles in biodiesel blends produces a most promising resultsin engine performance and also reduces the harmful emission from the engines.;
10.The Use of Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) as a Test Species for Toxicity Evaluation of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents

机译：使用Astacus Leptodattylus（Eschscholtz，1823）作为城市废水处理厂助药毒性评价的试验物质
- 作者：N. Cikcikoglu Yildirim;O. Aksu;S. Tatar;N. Yildirim
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- This study evaluated the responses of biochemical biomarkers in Astacusleptodactylus exposed to treated municipal effluents discharged into Keban Dam LakeElaz?? ElazigTurkey. A. leptodatyclus were exposed to treated municipal effluents andCatalase (CAT)Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and lipid peroxidation (TBARS)glutathione (GSH) levels were measured as oxidative stress biomarkers. SOD activitywas increased after exposing to treated municipal effluents for 24th and 96th h. CATactivities were decreased from 25.29 to 14.12 nmol/min/ml compared to control in thegroup exposed to treated municipal effluents for 24 h but it increased after 96 h exposure.GSH levels were decreased from 9.08 to 3.77 μM compared to controlbut MDA levelswere increased both at 24 th h and 96 th h after exposure to treated municipal effluents.CATSOD activities and MDA and GSH levels in the hepatopancreas of A. leptodactylusare sensitive and suitable biochemical biomarkers for evaluating the toxicity of the treatedmunicipal effluent complex mixtures. Treated municipal effluents exposure was found tocause sub-lethal responses in A. leptodactylus suggesting oxidative stress.;
11.Carbon Monoxide Prediction in the Atmosphere of Tehran Using Developed Support Vector Machine

机译：使用开发的支撑载体机的德黑兰大气中的一氧化碳预测
- 作者：A. Akbarzadeh;M. R. Vesali Naseh;M. NodeFarahani
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- Air quality prediction is highly important in view of the health impactscaused by exposure to air pollutants in urban air. This work has presented a model basedon support vector machine (SVM) technique to predict daily average carbon monoxide(CO) concentrations in the atmosphere of Tehran. Two types of SVM regression modelsi.e.? -SVM and? -SVM techniqueswere used to predict average daily COconcentration as a function of 12 input variables. Thenforward selection (FS) techniquewas applied to reduce the number of input variables. After converting 12 input variablesto 7 using the FSthey were fed to SVM models (FS-(? -SVM) and FS-(? -SVM)).Finallya comparison among SVM models operation and previously developedtechniquesi.e. classical regression model and artificial intelligent methods such as ANNand adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was carried out. Determination ofcoefficient (R2) and mean absolute error (MAE) for? -SVM (? -SVM) were 0.87 (0.40)and 0.87 (0.41)respectivelywhile they were 0.90 (0.39) and 0.91 (0.35) for ANN andANFISrespectively. Results of developed SVM models indicated that both FS-(? -SVM) and FS-(? -SVM) regression techniques were superior. Furthermoreit wasfounded that the performance of FS-(? -SVM) and FS-(? -SVM) models were generallya bit better than the best FS-ANFIS and FS-ANN solutions for short term forecasting ofCO concentrations.;
12.Analysis of Heavy Metal Contents and Non-carcinogenic Health Risk Assessment through Consumption of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus)

机译：通过消费罗非鱼鱼（Oreochromis Niloticus）的重金属含量和非致癌健康风险评估分析
- 作者：L. Tayebi;S. Sobhanardakani
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- Due to the fish are often at the top of the aquatic food chain and mayaccumulate large amounts of heavy metals from the waterthis study was conducted todetermine of CdCrPb and Ni contents in the muscle of imported tilapia fish marketedin the city of Hamedan in 2017. In so doingtotally27 muscle samples from ninedifferent brands of tilapia fish were randomly collected from the market basket of thestudy area. After preparation and processing the samples in the laboratorytheconcentration of metalswas determined using inductively coupled plasma-opticalemission spectrometer. The results showed that the mean concentrations (mg/kg) of CdCrPband Ni in samples were 0.26 ± 0.091.54 ± 0.150.55 ± 0.11and 0.67 ± 0.20respectively. Alsothe mean contents of Cd and Pb were higher than the maximumpermissible levels (MPL) established by the World Health Organization (WHO). Thecomputed health risk index values showed that no potential health risk for adults andchildren via consuming the muscle of tilapia fish at the current consumption rate for thestudy area. Based on the resultsdue to the mean contents of Cd and Pb in the musclesamples of tilapia fish were higher than the MPLthereforeserious attention to thereduction of the discharge of hazardous substances in the aquatic ecosystems and alsoperiodic monitoring of chemical residue particularly toxic heavy metals in the highdemandfood is recommended.;
13.Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination and the Risk of Target Hazard Quotient in Some Vegetables in Isfahan

机译：评估伊斯法罕的一些蔬菜中的重金属污染和目标危害商风险
- 作者：H. Miranzadeh Mahabadi;M. Ramroudi;M. R. Asgharipour;H. R. Rahmani;M. Afyuni
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- The main objective of this study is to evaluate heavy metals contaminationof highly consumed vegetables and hazardous effects of consuming these vegetables. Thestudy was conducted in vegetable fields in three different regions according to the level ofenvironmental pollutionsincluding "Isfahan""Flavarjan" and "FaridanGolpayegan andNatanz". Six types of vegetables in each field with three replicates in each region wereselected in the summer of 2017 by the random sampling method from vegetable fields.The level of heavy metals (PbCuCoCd and Cr) in vegetables has been measured foreach sample. The result showed that in the Isfahan regionthe highest daily intake of PbCuCoCd and Cr for the consumption of all the vegetables was obtained in therecipients. The highest target hazard quotient for non-cancerous diseases of contaminatedvegetables was 28.9 and 21.1 in "Isfahan" for children and adultsrespectively. The targethazard quotient for vegetable consumption was greater than one and at high hazard forboth age groups. The principal component analysis showed that the contamination by theheavy metals in the "Isfahan" and "Falavarjan" regions overlapped and the risk ofcontamination of heavy metals in urban vegetables in both regions increased the hazard ofnon-cancerous diseases. It is highly recommended that the quality standards of foods thatare imposed on the production of food crops.;
14.Performance of a Dual Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell using Sodium Chloride as Catholyte

机译：使用氯化钠作为阴极电解液的双室微生物燃料电池的性能
- 作者：K. Singh;Dharmendra
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- Microbial fuel cell represents an emerging technology to attain electricalenergy from wastewater. There are several alternative methods available for wastewatertreatmentMicrobial fuel cell is one of themwhich generates green energy fromwastewater for making a contribution to renewable sources of energy. This study statesthe performance of microbial fuel cell with different parameters i.e.catholyteelectrodesand initial COD concentration. Sodium chloride was used as catholyte and graphite rodswere used as both electrodes. The sodium chloride concentrations in the cathode andinitial chemical oxygen demand have also been optimized. The optimum sodium chlorideof 70 mM in the cathode solution generates the maximum power density of408.98μW/m2. As the sodium chloride concentration increases in catholytethe capacityfor power production also increases. The voltage output of Microbial fuel cell increaseswhen the initial concentration of chemical oxygen demand increases to a peak value of1500 mg/l and if the value exceeds this limitthe performance of Microbial fuel cell (interms of voltage) starts decreasing. The chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of amicrobial fuel cell with simple graphite electrode and graphite electrodes with coated ironwere 79 and 90 respectively.;
15.Study of Solute Dispersion with Source/Sink Impact in Semi-Infinite Porous Medium

机译：半无限多孔介质源/水槽抗源分散的研究
- 作者：R. Kumar;A. Chatterjee;M. K. Singh;V. P. Singh
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- Mathematical models for pollutant transport in semi-infinite aquifers arebased on the advection-dispersion equation (ADE) and its variants. This study employsthe ADE incorporating time-dependent dispersion and velocity and space-time dependentsource and sinkexpressed by one function. The dispersion theory allows mechanicaldispersion to be directly proportional to seepage velocity. Initially the aquifer is assumedcontaminant free and an additional source term is considered at the inlet boundary. A fluxtype boundary condition is considered in the semi-infinite part of the domain. Laplacetransform technique (LTT) is then applied to obtain a closed form analytical solution. Theeffect of source/sink term as a function in the one-dimensional advection-dispersionequation is explained through the graphical representation for the set of input data basedon similar data available in hydrological literature. Matlab software is used to obtain thegraphical representation of the obtained solution. The obtained analytical solution of theproposed model may be helpful in the groundwater hydrology areas.;
16.Emerging Pollutants in Aquatic Environment: Source, Effect, and Challenges in Biomonitoring and Bioremediation- A Review

机译：水生环境中的新兴污染物：生物监测和生物修复中的来源，效果和挑战 - 评论
- 作者：N. Patel;Z. A. Khan;S. Shahane;D. Rai;D. Chauhan;C. Kant;V. K. Chaudhary
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- Emerging contaminants are distributed in to the environment from variousanthropogenic activities. These Emerging contaminants (ECs) are mainly composed ofproductssuch as pharmaceuticalspersonal care products (PCPs)surfactantsplasticizerspesticides etc. The present conventional system of waste treatment are notdesigned to treat these contaminants. Complex structure of these pollutants and theirexistence at low concentration makes them untraceable and hence found to be difficult inremoval of these by present waste treatment. These chemicals are considered as threat tohuman health and environment. Thereforedisposal and treatment of these chemicals ofemerging concern have been a key concern in the field of water treatment and its reuse.Biosensors can be used for biomonitoring of these contaminants with of biologicalsystem. Bioremediation plays an important role in the treatment of these pollutants ofemerging concern. This review discusses about the sourceseffectsand challenges inbiomonitoring and bioremediation related to these emerging contaminants.;
17.Health Impacts Assessment due to PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 Exposure in National Capital Territory (NCT) Delhi

机译：由于PM2.5，PM10和NO2暴露在国家资本领域（NCT）德里（NCT）德里的卫生影响评估
- 作者：F. R. Afghan;S. K. Patidar
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- The human health impacts caused due to exposure to criteria outdoor airpollutants PM2.5PM10 and NO2 were assessed in present study. The human health effectsassociated with exposure to atmospheric air pollution in NCT Delhi were estimatedutilizing the AirQ+ v1.3 software tool integrated with Ri-MAP during the study period2013-2018 considering 80 of the whole population subjected to air pollution exposure.Taking into account the World Health Organization (WHO) (2016) guidelinesthe interannualaverage concentrations of PM2.5PM10and NO2concentration responserelationships and population attributable fraction (AF) or impact fraction (IF) conceptswere adopted. The excess number of cases (ENCs) of Mortality (all) natural cases 30+yearsacute lower respiratory infection (ALRI)lung cancer (LC)ischaemic heartdisease (IHD)strokeincidence of chronic bronchitis in childrenpostneonatal infantmortalitychronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)prevalence of bronchitis inchildrenincidence of asthma symptoms in asthmatic children in the year 2013 were483322729564526853227371207543451051259813305417203 and 682respectively. Within half of a decade i.e. in year 2018the ENCs of Mortality (all) naturalcases 30+ yearsALRICOPDLCIHDstrokeincidence of chronic bronchitis inchildrenpostneonatal infant mortalityprevalence of bronchitis in childrenincidence ofasthma symptoms in asthmatic children increased significantly and were 72254347165477568323582823315011050810901986229570 and 1189respectively.;
18.O-Anisidine Degradation by Fenton’s Reagent and Reaction Time Estimation

机译：芬芳的试剂和反应时间估计的o-硝基氨酸降解
- 作者：N. K. Chaturvedi;S. S. Katoch
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- O-Anisidines (OAs) are extensively used as an intermediate for chemicalreactions to produce various triphenylmethane and azo dyesand also in manufacturingnumerous pigments. They are found to be highly toxic and have carcinogenic propertiesso it is imperative to treat OA solutions before disposal. In this study a promisingapproach to degrade OA solutions has been carried out using Fenton’s reagent. Oxidationtrials were conducted for 24 hours and various parameters – OA removalpHeffect ofH2O2 and Fe2+and COD removal – were analysed to understand the oxidativedegradation of OA. For varying initial OA concentrationsthe OA and COD removalefficiencies of 72 to 85 and 62 to 74respectivelywere obtained at pH = 3and atdifferent optimum H2O2 and Fe2+ doses. Lower initial concentrations of OA showed betterremoval efficiencies. The reaction time was estimated to 360 minutes after which therewas negligible degradation occurs.;
19.Development of the Ethyl Ester from Jatropa Oil through Response Surface Methodology Approach

机译：通过响应面方法方法从麻风树油中脱乙酯的发展
- 作者：R. Gautam;N. Ansari;A. Sharma;Y. Singh
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- With an increase in the global pollutionthere is requirement for analternative to the fossil fuels. Non-edible vegetable oils are highly promising forproducing liquid fuels like diesel. Jatropha is a potential feedstock for biodieselcurrentlyutilized in India and many parts of the world. The optimization of reaction conditionssuch as temperaturetimecatalyst and molar ratio for biodiesel production is important inreactor design. Howeveroils have characteristics reaction properties for optimum yield.Thereforethere is the need to identify such parameters in Jatropha oil ethyl estersproduction. Preparation of biodiesel from Jatropha oil ethyl esters using conventionalhomogeneous process. Optimization of Jatropha ethyl esters using Response surfacemethodology is done and data so obtained are fed to the design experiment software foranalysis. The Jatropha ethyl esters yield was 92.62. Maximum production of Jatrophaoil ethyl ester was achieved with the process parameters viz molar ratio 8.5reaction time89.67minreaction temperature 70.1°C and catalyst.0.62wt.;
20.Nitrate Bioremoval by Phytotechnology using Utricularia aurea Collected from Eutrophic Lake of Theerthamkara, Kerala, India

机译：植物植物学用Utricularia Aurea从英国喀拉拉州Eutrophic Lake收集的Utricularia Aurea
- 作者：K. Usharani;K.V. Keerthi
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- The aim of this study was to compare the selected aquatic plants ability toremove nitrate from wastewater. Excess of these nutrients in water can directly affecthuman health (methemoglobinaemia) or indirectly through the products of secondarypollution include eutrophication. Negative impact of nutrients excess in surface wateroften causes the destruction of water ecosystemsand thereforecommon substances ofthese elements must be monitored and managed. Spectrophotometric technique wascommonly used for quick and simple analyses of nutrients in waste water. There arecalibration curves for each nutrient and for the determination of their concentration.Phytotechnology is one of the biological wastewater treatment methods or processes toeliminate nitrate contaminant from aquatic system. So as to avoid the eutrophic formationof fresh water and to determine the efficiency of nitrate utilization by specific aquaticplants which include Utricularia aurea and Salvinia molesta were collected from aeutrophic lake at TheerthamkaraKerala. The samples were allowed to grow in nitratesolution for about one month at different concentrations. The optical density (OD) ofnitrate solution at 410 nm was measured on alternative days of the experiment by usingUV spectrophotometer. After 33 days of treatment periodsthe maximum amount ofnitrate removed in terms of percentage was found to be 95 by Utricularia aurea and92 by Salvinia molesta at 100 ppm nitrate concentration. The results revealed that theaquatic plant (carnivorous) based system of phytotechnology was productively removedthe nitrate load from the synthetic wastewater containing nitrate.;
21.Optimization of Crystal Violet Adsorption by Chemically Modified Potato Starch Using Response Surface Methodology

机译：用响应面法测定化学改性马铃薯淀粉晶体紫吸附的优化
- 作者：M. Bahrami;M. J. Amiri;F. Bagheri
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- In this researcha response surface methodology (RSM) was used toinvestigate the effects of independent parameters (pHcontact timetemperatureadsorbent dosageand initial concentration of pollutant)their simultaneous interactionsand quadratic effects on crystal violet adsorption onto two starch based materials in theform of batch experiments. The characterizing results indicated that there is no significantdifference between the potato starch and synthesized starch phosphateasphosphorylation has not changed the crystalline structure of starch inside the granules.The maximum removal efficiency of crystal violet ions was obtained 99 at theoptimum adsorption conditions of initial concentration 213.54 mg/Ladsorbent dosage0.25 gcontact time 14.99 mintemperature 15 °Cand initial pH of solution 9. RSMoutputs showed that the maximum adsorption of crystal violet ions by could be achievedby raising pH and adsorbent dosageand decreasing the initial crystal violetconcentration. While temperature and contact time are not effective parameters in crystalviolet removal from aqueous solutions using synthesized starch phosphate. GenerallytheRSM model is suitable to optimize the experiments for dye elimination by adsorptionwhere the modified starch phosphate would be an effective adsorbent for treating crystalviolet solution.;
22.Removal of Methyl Orange Dye from Aqueous Solution by a Low-Cost Activated Carbon Prepared from Mahagoni (Swietenia mahagoni) Bark

机译：通过由Mahagoni（Shietenia Mahagoni）树皮制备的低成本活性炭从水溶液中除去甲基橙染料
- 作者：G. C. Ghosh;T. K. Chakraborty;S. Zaman;M. N. Nahar;A. H. M. E. Kabir
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- This study utilized Swietenia mahagoni bark–a wood processing industrywastefor the preparation of activated carbonand then investigated for the removal ofmethyl orange (MO) dye by the Swietenia mahagoni bark activated carbon (SMBAC).The effect of pH (3–10)adsorbent dose (1–30 g/L)initial MO dye concentration (10–100 mg/L)and contact time (1–240 min) were evaluated. The surface morphology of theSMBAC was characterized by using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) andscanning electron microscopy (SEM). Maximum removal efficiency of MO by SMBACwas 92when initial MO dye concentration was 10 mg/LpH 3.0adsorbent dose 10.0g/L and 120 min equilibrium contact time. The adsorption data fitted well with theFreundlich (R2=0.997) and Halsey (R2=0.997) isotherm models than the Langmuir(R2=0.979) modeland express the multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface. Themaximum adsorption capacity was 6.071 mg/g. The kinetics data were fitted well topseudo-second order model (R2=0.999) and more than one process were involved duringadsorption mechanism but film diffusion was the potential rate controlling step. Thestudy results showed that SMBAC adsorbed MO effectivelyand could be used as a lowcost potential bioadsorbent for the removal of anionic dyes in wastewater treatment.;
23.Production of Nanofibers Containing Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles for the Purpose of Bioaerosol Removal

机译：含有氧化镁纳米粒子的纳米纤维的生产用于生物溶胶去除
- 作者：S. F. Dehghan;F. Golbabaei;T. Mousavi;H. Mohammadi;M. H. Kohneshahri;R. Bakhtiari
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- The present study aims at investigation of the performance of nanofibrousfiltercontaining magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticlesfor bioaerosols removal fromthe air stream. It synthesizes two types of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and PAN/MgOnanofibers via electrospinning techniqueand investigates the antibacterial properties ofthe produced nanofibers through disk diffusion. The air containing staphylococcusepidermidis is introduced into the filter test rig by a nebulizer and air sampling from themicroorganisms takes place before and after the filters by means of a cascade impactorwith blood agar culture mediumwith the filtersthemselvesexamined at two states ofUVC radiation and dark. The mean diameters of PAN/MgO and PAN are 221.38±65.56nm and 320.25±87.35 nmrespectivelywith the mean length of the inhibition zone forthese nanofibers calculated as 0 (for PAN) and 2.8 mm (for PAN/MgO). It turns out thatthe mean percentage of filtration efficiency is higher in case of PAN/MgO than PANnanofiber filterhoweverthe former displays higher mean pressure drop than the latter.For both types of nanofibers under UVC radiationthe mean percentage efficiency forbioaerosol removal is higher than in the dark.;
24.Development of Membrane Bioreactor to Membrane Electro-bioreactor for Advanced Treatment of Wastewater

机译：膜生物反应器对膜电生物反应器的研制，用于蓄水
- 作者：A. Yeganeh;GH. Nabi-Bidhendi;H. Rashedi;M. Hosseinzadeh
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- Limited available water resources have rendered wastewater reuse animportant issue to specialists in most developed countriestoday. The current study workson membrane filtration for treatment of industrial wastewater. By comparing the twomethods of membrane bioreactor (MBR) and hybrid membrane electro bioreactor(MEBR) processesit finds that earlier fouling in the membrane occurs in the first methodthan the second one. In the membrane electro-bioreactorin addition to membranefiltration and activated sludge processthe chemical process of electrical coagulation isperformed concurrentlywherein the final product quality is improved and the foulingreduced. In comparison to membrane bioreactorthis method is capable of removinghigher percentage of chemical oxygen demand (COD) as an index of organic matters.Accordinglyit is recommended to use the membrane electro-bioreactor method as analternative to membrane bioreactor for advanced wastewater treatment.;
25.Appraisal the Protective Effects of Cymbopogon Schoenanthus Extract against Reproductive Disorders and Carcinogenic Effects of Formalin in Experimental Male Rats

机译：鉴定CMBOPOGON Schoenanthus提取物对实验性雄性大鼠福尔马林生殖障碍和致癌作用的保护作用
- 作者：M. M. Sief;S. M. Sherif;M. H. Abdel-Aziz;S. A. Sherein;M. A. Mona;S. Ramzy
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第1期
- Formaldehyde has been documented to be naturally present in manycommon foods. There has been a big public concern over the use of formaldehyde in thepreservation of food. Alsoit is commonly used as a chemical substanceusually in thelife and can interact with many bio-substance in the human body. The present study targetto investigate the protective effects of Cymbopogon schoenanthus (CS) extract againstthe reproductive and carcinogenic effects of formaldehyde on male rats. The Albino malerats were divided into equal six groupsfirst group: rendered as a control groupsecondgroup: received formalin (100 mg/kg bw) and third group and forth group: were receivedSC extract at (50 and 100 mg) respectivelyfifth group and sixth group were receivedformalin (100mg /kg bw) + SC extract (50mg) and formalin (100mg /kg bw)+ SC extract(100 mg) respectively. At the end of the experiment the animals were scarified and bloodsamples were collected for measurement all tested parameters. The results showed thatthe oral exposure to formaldehyde at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw resulted in significantnegative effects in all tested parameterswhile the CS extract at tow doses (50 and 100mg) alone or in combination with formalin restored the negative effects to normal levelscompared with the untreated group. The histopathological examination was studied ontestis tissues and the histopathological pictures showed the CS extract at tow mentiondoses had ameliorate the adverse effects that induced by formaldehyde hazards.;
26.Synthesis and Photocatlytic Application of Drinking Water Treatment Sludge @ TiO2 Composite for Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye

机译：饮用水处理污泥@ TiO2复合物用于降解亚甲基蓝染料的合成与光涂层应用
- 作者：M.N. Rashed;M. A. El Taher;S. M. M. Fadlalla
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- methylene bluewater treatmentsludgecompositephotocatalysis;
27.Phytoremediation of soil Contaminated by Heavy Metals within a Technical Landfill Center Vicinity: Algerian Case Study

机译：技术垃圾填埋场中心内重金属污染土壤的植物修复：阿尔及利亚案例研究
- 作者：Kh. Boukaka;B. Mayache
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Ditrichia viscosaSolanum nigrumJuncus effususbioconcentration factorcontamination factorgeoaccumulation factor;
28.Application of a Decision-Making Model to Reduce CO2 Emissions in Iran (Case Study: CHP-CCS technology and renewable energy)

机译：决策模型在减少伊朗二氧化碳排放的应用（案例研究：CHP-CCS技术和可再生能源）
- 作者：H. R. Alinejad;A. Behbahaninia;M. Mackialeagha
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Fair ScenarioGaussian RegressionGreenhouse gasesCHP;
29.Air Pollution in the Capital City of Bangladesh: Its Causes and Impacts on Human Health

机译：孟加拉国首都的空气污染：其原因和对人体健康的影响
- 作者：K. E. Khuda
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Air pollutantsAir qualityBangladesh governmentDhaka cityTraffic volume;
30.Performance and emission characteristics of the diesel engine running on neem (Azadirachta indica) biodiesel with effect of exhaust gas recirculation at optimum injection strategies

机译：在最佳注射策略中废气再循环效果的柴油机沿柴油机的性能和排放特性
- 作者：Y. Singh;A. Singla;A. Sharma;N. K. Singh
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Neem biodieselSplit injectionExhaust gas recirculationDiesel engineemissions;
31.Spatiotemporal Analysis of Carbon Monoxide Observed by Terra/MOPITT in the Troposphere of Iran

机译：伊朗对流层中Terra / Mopitt观察到的一氧化碳的时空分析
- 作者：K. Raispour;Y. Khosravi
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Air qualitySatelliteMOPITTCOMixing Ratio;
32.Effect of Barley and Oat Plants on Phytoremediation of Petroleum Polluted Soils

机译：大麦和燕麦植物对石油污染土壤植物修复的影响
- 作者：M. Barati;S. Safarzadeh;D. Mowla;F. Bakhtiari
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Soil remediationTotal Petroleum HydrocarbonsYieldStatistical Analysis;
33.Algal Indices as a Biomonitoring Tool to Assess Eutrophication in the Urban Ponds: a Case Study

机译：作为评估城市池塘中富营养化的生物监测工具的藻类指数：案例研究
- 作者：R. Vishal;B. Meeta
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- UrbanizationBiomonitoringphytoplanktonurban pondseutrophication;
34.Synthesis and characterization of activated carbon from biowaste-walnut shell and application to removal of uranium from waste

机译：Biowashe-Walnut壳活性炭的合成与表征及施用废弃物去除铀
- 作者：M. Yaman;M. H. Demirel
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Preconcentrationadsorbenttoxic elementbiomass;
35.Emissions and Fuel Life Cycle Assessment of Non-passenger Diesel Vehicles in Qatar

机译：卡塔尔非乘客柴油车的排放和燃料生命周期评估
- 作者：H. Al-Thani;S. Al-Ghamdi;M. Koc;R. J. Isaifan
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- air pollutionLCAGREETsustainabilitydiesel vehiclesQatar;
36.Analyses and Pollution Potential of heavy metals at The Jerangau-Jabor Landfill in Kuantan, Malaysia

机译：马来西亚议员Jerangau-Jabor垃圾填埋场重金属的分析与污染潜力
- 作者：N. F. How F.;N. S. Mohd Noh;N. A. Nordin;D. F. N. Abang Sapani
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Heavy metalsLandfill leachateSub-leachate pollution index of heavy metalPollution potential;
37.Vapor Loss of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from the Shipping Port of Abadan Petroleum Refinery

机译：来自阿巴丹石油炼油厂的航运港的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的蒸气丧失
- 作者：M. R. Raazi Tabari;S. Sabzalipour;S. M. Peyghambarzadeh;R. Jalilzadeh
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Emission rateVOCsTANKs 4.0.9dWATER9;
38.Synthesis and Characterization of Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles for Textile Wastewater Treatment

机译：纺织废水处理零价铁纳米粒子的合成与表征
- 作者：N. Nigam Ahuja;A.A. Ansari;R. Rajput;P. Singh
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- NanotechnologyWaste Water TreatmentTextile IndustriesBorohydride Chemical Reduction Method;
39.Pb phytostabilization by fast-growing trees inoculated with Pb-resistant plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium

机译：通过快速生长的树木接种抗PB抗性植物生长促进内生细菌的生长植物（P）PB植物
- 作者：Jiraporn Yongpisanphop;S. Babel;M. Kruatrachue;P. Pokethitiyook
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Acacia mangiumEucalyptus camaldulensisHeavy metalPhytoremediationPseudomonas pyschrophila;
40.Taguchi Optimization of Adsorptive Treatment of Effluent from Lead-acid Battery Recycling unit Using Pressmud-a Sugar Industry Waste

机译：用压力 - 糖工业废弃物优化铅酸蓄电池回收装置流出物的吸附处理
- 作者：S. Meshram;C. Thakur;A. B. Soni
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Isothermkineticlead adsorptionTaguchi analysis;
41.Physiological and Growth Responses to Pollutant-Induced Biochemical Changes in Plants: A Review

机译：植物污染物诱导的生化变化的生理生长反应：综述
- 作者：C. Mulenga;C. Clarke;M. Meincken
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Heavy metalsSO2biomolecule damagephysiological functionscambial activity;
42.Application of Pollution Indices and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the waters of a South-eastern Nigeria River

机译：污染指数及健康风险评估在尼日利亚河东南部水域中重金属的应用
- 作者：E. D. Anyanwu;O. G. Adetunji;E. D. David Nwachukwu
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- LimitsHPIHeavy metalwater qualityindices;
43.Evaluating the Accumulation and Consumption Hazard Risk of Heavy Metals in the Fish Muscles of Species Living in the Waters of the Persian Gulf, Iran

机译：评估伊朗波斯湾水域水域鱼类肌肉中重金属的积累和消费风险
- 作者：M. Norouzi
- 期刊名称：《Pollution》 | 2020年第4期
- Fish consumptionrisk assessmenttoxic elementsPersian Gulf;

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