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学园·学者的精神家园

学园·学者的精神家园

Academy
《学园》杂志为国家新闻出版总署批准云南出版集团公司主管，云南人民出版社与云南大学协办的学术刊物，创刊于2008年4月，面向国内外公开发行，创刊时为双月刊，逢双月的25日出刊，2008年共出刊4期；2009年改为月刊，每月25日出刊，因为改刊期后出刊筹备占用了一些时间，2009年共出刊6期；2010年预计共出刊6期。
  • 发文量：338
  • 被引量：247
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  • 创刊时间：2008
  • 国内刊号/CN：53-1203/C
    国际刊号/ISSN：1674-4810
  • 发行周期：双月刊
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  • 主管单位：云南出版集团公司
    主办单位：云南人民出版社
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  • 2009年9月，《学园》主打栏目《学理考辩》荣获第三届云南期刊评选“优秀栏目奖”
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学园·学者的精神家园 >2012年第6期

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  • 摘要：本文以控制实验的方法检验网络谣言传播存在＂沉默的螺旋＂效应的假设。在实验数据的分析和参与实验的网民访谈基础上,本文提出网络谣言＂沉默的螺旋＂效应显现与否,和一定的群体压力密切相关。如果压力消失,即使群体中存在主流意见,异见者也可能不再沉默而打破螺旋。%The experimental research on group dynamics of internet rumors shows that on the group press,the communication of Internet rumors will appear the Spiral of Silence effect.On the analysis of the results of experiment and observation,this paper brings out the model of group dynamics on Internet rumors.
  • 摘要：These years there have been a growing number of college students who have quit schools initially,which evokes focus of the public greatly.First of all,the paper describes the schooling experience of a Yi-Sani,vocational student and the story about his initiative quitting school.Secondly,it respectively analysis the reasons why the student dropped out of school,the first one is the limitation of education system,the second is deficiencies of vocational school,the third is educational investment and income,and the last reason is the student＇s inadequate self-planning.Lastly,the paper reflects the phenomenon adequately,and it is in the hope that the quality improvement of higher institutions will draw students to live in them.%近年来高校学生主动退学事件逐渐增多,这一现象日益引发人们关注。本文首先叙述了一位彝族撒尼高职学生的求学之路直至后来主动退学的经历;其次从教育体系、高职院校、教育投入与收益、个人规划这四方面来解读了这名学生主动退学的原因;最后,对于高校学生主动退学这一现象进行了深思,寄望于高校能够自我改良,以提高质量,凝聚人心。
  • 摘要：作为一个具有中国特色的高校管理体制,＂党委领导下校长负责制＂是新中国成立60多年来我国高校内部管理体制长期探索和发展的历史选择。本文首先追溯高等院校内部管理体制演变历程,随后解析党委领导下校长负责制的内涵及＂党＂＂政＂责权混淆、关系复杂等现实矛盾,最后提出高校内部管理要依法管理,扩大管理自治权,进一步提升民主管理水平,以便进一步完善党委领导下校长负责制。%As the administrative system in the university with Chinese characteristics,＂the system of the president＇s responsibility under the leadership of Chinese Party Committee＂ is the historical choice for the internal administration system of the long-term exploration and development since the founding of the People＇s Republic of China in 1949.This paper traces the evolution of the internal administration system in the higher education institutions（HEI）,and on the base of analyzing the connotation and the complex relationship of the system of the president＇s responsibility under Chinese Party Committee,the confusion and realistic contradiction of the responsibility of the government and the Party,proposes the following suggestions：（1）HEI＇s Internal administration according to law;（2）expand the autonomy in administration;（3）further improve the democratic administration,in order to further improve the system of the president＇s responsibility under the leadership of Chinese Party Committee.
  • 摘要：云南城市建设职业学院是2004年经云南省人民政府批准，国家教育部备案，具有独立颁发国家高等专科学历资格的全日制高等职业学院，招生纳入全国统一计划。
  • 摘要：There are different opinions about the time when the establishment of Tsinghua Institute of Statistics and Census Research among the researchers of history of sociology,history of University of Tsinghua and history of National Southwestern Associated University.The researchers of sociology almost considered the year of 1939 as its establishment time while many related history literature and memoirs shows 1938 is the right year.This article examines the time based on many history resources,archives and memoirs,and its conclusion is the time when the establishment of Tsinghua Institute of Statistics and Census Research is the year of 1938.%对于清华大学国情普查研究所的成立年份,中国社会学史和清华大学校史、西南联大校史研究者在不同的著作中说法不一。绝大多数社会学研究者以1939年为成立年份,但历史文献和当事人回忆记录中成立时间则为1938年。本文在对史料档案和相关文献梳理的基础上,就清华大学国情普查研究所的成立时间进行了考证,并得出清华大学国情普查研究所成立年份应为1938年的结论。
  • 摘要：The rural education dissimilation phenomenon is now serious.Examination for central,suppressed management,polarization,study-weariness and school-dropout etc.endanger the rural education.This article analyzed the reason for the dissimilation and tried to find out the solution.Emphasizing the students,grasping the special characteristics of the rural eduation,taking advantage of the rural education and building the rural culture,will be useful to solve these problems.%当今农村教育异化现象严重,以应试为中心、压制管理、两极分化和厌学辍学等现象危害着农村教育。文中分析了这些现象产生的原因,试图寻找解决的方法。全面关注学生,把握农村教育的特质,找寻农村教育的优势,建设乡村文化,这些措施在一定程度上有利于问题的解决。
  • 摘要：Where is Philosophy？Philosophy exists in life,philosophy exists in history,philosophy exists in brain,and philosophy exists in question.The reality is that philo-sophy not only exists in deep theory,where is wisdom,where is philosophy.%哲学在哪里？哲学在生活中,哲学在历史中,哲学在头脑中,哲学在质疑中。原来哲学不一定只存在于深邃的学府,智慧在哪里,哲学就会在哪里!
  • 摘要：In order to summarize the experience of the preschool education voucher,Hong Kong Government issued＂Pre-primary Education Voucher Scheme Review＂in December 2010.The implementation of the voucher shows that：voucher form to allocate resources to the development of pre-school,pre-school education is to ensure quality and to achieve balanced development of effective ways to pre-school education;support the development of pre-school education should focus on accountability,the establishment of pluralistic and participatory evaluation mechanism;Government to play a leading role in the development of pre-school education.%香港政府为了总结学前教育学券计划的经验于2010年12月出台了《学前教育学券计划检讨报告》。学券计划的实施证明：以学券形式向学前教育发展投放资源,是保证学前教育质量和实现学前教育均衡发展的有效途径;支持学前教育发展要注重责任承担,建立多元参与的评估机制;政府要在学前教育发展中发挥主导作用。
  • 摘要：The conflict between secretary of the Party Committee and the university principal comes from system of two-man leadership in New China eliminating system of one-man leadership in the Republic of China.The system of two-man leadership is difficult to provide effective ontology security for university,on the contrary,it promotes the nationalization of the university of reproduction and gives birth to collective anxiety in the university reform and development,and it contributed to another kind of social identity which based on the running of collective identity of educators.To solve the conflict of system of two-man leadership,should restore public opinion space of university,design system of one-man leadership,reform party committee secretary for main supervision and innovation university president selection system.%中国大学党委书记与校长之扞格的产生源于新中国双首长制对民国时期单首长制的消解。这种双首长制难以为大学提供有效的本体性安全,并孕育出大学发展集体性的焦虑与促成教育家办学的集体认同。而还原大学公共舆论空间的身份、设计大学校长单首长制的制度通道、变革党委书记为监督主体与创新大学校长遴选制是化解其扞格的路径。
  • 摘要：在当今幼儿教育普遍发展的浪潮中,蒙台梭利教育法或多或少地融入到我国的幼儿教育模式之中,但在其融入过程中产生了诸如形式主义倾向严重、幼儿教师对蒙氏教育法理念曲解等异化现象。基于蒙台梭利教育法在我国幼儿教育实施的现状分析,本文认为可以从由形式到实质、重视教师的多重角色的转化、给儿童创造良好的学习环境、重视东西文化的融合等几个方面实现蒙台梭利教育法在我国的本土化,更好地促进我国幼儿教育事业的改革与发展。%Nowadays,Montessori educational method is integrated into the children＇s education of China.During this process,problems occured.Preschool teachers bring Montessori to serious perversion of the education concept and alienation.Based on the Montessori education condition analysis,the author thinks that can by the form to the essence from,pay attention to the teacher＇s multiple roles conversion,to create a good children learning environment,pay attention to the cultural integration,etc realize the localization of Montessori education in our country,the better promote in early education enterprise reform and development.
  • 摘要：Classification of higher education institutions is considered as the practical need,which to solve the development chaotic pattern of Chinese higher education.The classification research has been promoted by the development and reform of Chinese higher education,but there are some classification dilemmas to be solved.Combining with analyzing the choices,features and inadequate of different researches,the paper attempt to study the tendency of classification researches,to reflect the encountered dilemmas.%高校分类是破解高校发展混乱格局的现实需求。中国高校变革推动了高校分类研究的进展,但存在一些现实困境。本文分析了已有不同高校分类研究特点及存在的不足,尝试对中国高校分类的基本取向进行梳理,同时对高校分类研究所遭遇的困境加以反思。
  • 摘要：《学园》（Academy），学者的精神家园!rn《学园》为国家新闻出版总署批准，云南出版集团公司主管，云南人民出版社与云南大学协办的学术刊物，面向国内外公开发行。
  • 摘要：Over the past decade,early childhood education curriculum in the U.S.has played a major focus of the overall transformation,kindergartens across the country have adopted systematic,direct instruction,teaching children vocabulary,language,etc.in preschools and kindergartens.This emphasis on the use of systematic,direct instruction that follows the script of course is called scripted curriculum.After the enactment of ＂No Child Left Behind＂Act,science-based script reading programs have prevailed in the United States,but also subjected to be questioned and criticized by scholars due to too much emphasis on academic standards.For a variety of comments,the author made some revelations.%近十年来,美国幼儿教育的课程重心有了重大的全面转变,全国各地的幼儿园渐已采用系统、直接地教授幼儿字母、词汇及其代表的语言的方法。这种强调采用系统化的、直接的遵循脚本进行的教学即脚本课程。《不让一个孩子掉队》法案颁布后,建立在科学化基础上的脚本阅读方案开始在美国盛行,但是也因过于强调标准化而遭到了学者的质疑和批判。针对各种评析,本文进行了反思,进而提出了一些启示。
  • 摘要：Defense style is an important factor that affects college students＇ mental health. Using the defense style questionnaire to investigate a group of cotlege students, and the study results show that： （1） Most students tend to use mature defense mecha- nisms and intermediate defense mechanisms; （2） Boys are more likely to apply imma- ture defense mechanisms and intermediate mechanisms than girls; （3） The lower grade students prior to take immature defense mechanisms, but upper classmen have a prefer- ence for mature defense mechanisms; （4） Defense styles show no differences between the students owning left - home experience and the ones not; （5） The students who specialize in the college of liberal arts and foreign languages are more prior to exert the defense mechanisms of mature and intermediate than the students of economics school, who usually use immature defense mechanisms. According to research results, some advices are given to the educational work of college mental health.%防御方式是影响大学生心理健康的重要因素之一。采用防御方式问卷（DSQ）对某高校学生进行问卷调查,结果表明：（1）大学生总体较偏向运用成熟防御机制和中间型防御机制;（2）男生较女生更倾向于运用不成熟防御机制和中间型防御机制;（3）低年级学生倾向采用不成熟防御机制,高年级学生则更倾向于运用成熟防御机制;（4）有无留守经历的大学生防御方式几乎不存在差异;（5）文学院和外语学院的学生比经济学院的学生更偏爱成熟防御机制和中间型防御机制,经济学院的学生更常用不成熟防御机制。根据研究结果对高校心理健康教育工作提出了建议。
  • 摘要：Chinese University film and television professional teaching some misunderstanding in the core curriculum,not through the audiovisual thinking establishment.The article puts forward ＂ film copy＂ of teaching ideas,in accordance with the choice of image,image analysis,and copy image to construct the knowledge and practice,change professional film and television teaching.%目前中国高等教育中的专业影像教学存在某种程度的僵化、浮泛、混乱,影视核心课程未能贯通影像视听思维的建立,本文就此困境提出＂影像临摹＂的教学思路,按照甄选影像、读解影像、临摹影像逐步进行知识建构和实践训练,切实改进专业性影像教学。
  • 摘要：The most important section is the creation of culture.The basic of the creation of culture is the prosperity of education and art.The fruit of wisdom comes from the oil of prosperity of education and art.Education has two holy meaning： the one is super meaning of metaphysics;the other is worldly value of state administration and society development.Before we raise the education,we must research the philosophy of education.%悠悠万事,一切前提皆在文化之开创,而文化之开创,皆赖教育之振兴,而后可有人文生长繁荣之土壤,养育智慧德化之果实。教育之意义,不惟有形而上的教化正道的意义在,亦有形而下的人才之培养、资政之源泉的现实实践意义在。而欲通教育之道义,正其理而弘其业,必先开通教育之道义根基。
  • 摘要：校长是大学的核心领导之一,其基本素质在很大程度上决定了学校的管理水平。在高等教育改革的历史环境下,对大学校长的基本素质进行量化研究有着重要的理论意义和时代意义。本研究以国内37所师范大学的校长作为样本,对其学历、学术背景、任职年限、工作经历、学术水平等指标进行统计分析,得出了师范大学校长的基本素质状况,基于研究结果对大学校长的选拔和任用提出了一些合理化建议。%The president is a university＇s core leadership.It largely determine the basic quality of the school management level.In the historical environment of higher education reform,quantification reasearch on the basic quality of university presidents has important theoretical and age significance.In this study,the principal domestic 37 Normal as the sample,their qualifications,academic background,working age,work experience,academic level and other indicators for statistical analysis,the principal of the Normal basic qualities,based on results of university selection and appointment of principal made some reasonable suggestions.
  • 摘要：教育何为？当下的大学是否还有意义？所谓高等教育是否具有生命的迹象？在特殊的2012元旦,云南大学董云川教授与其研究生弟子们在新年之际通过网络遥相呼应,除了常规问候,更多是相互的勉励。本刊删除常见褒誉及礼节性辞藻,摘编部分如下,以为当下教学相长真实一隅的佐证。%what is education for？ Does the university have its meaning at present？ Does the so-called ＂higher education＂ still have the sign of life？ In a special New Year＇s Day in 2012,Professor Dong Yunchuan and his graduate students in Yunnan University had shared their greetings and encourages to each other by internet.With the common used greeting words deleted,what remains could be a proof of mutual promotion between teacher and students today as follow.
  • 摘要：Higher Education Institutions are the main body of the research of social science in China.However,the argument of regional culture research,international perspective and others hinder the development of the research of social science in China.The author thinks,only by dealing with the relationship of teaching and research,making full use of the function of the academic leadership,strengthening the free combination of the cross-disciplinary and inter-unit,can the function of the main body of the research of social science in China is realized.%高校是中国人文社会科学研究的主体力量。然而,区域性文化研究与国际化视野等方面的悖论,制约了中国高校人文社会科学研究的发展。作者认为,要正确处理好教学与科研的关系,发挥学术带头人的作用,强化跨学科跨单位的自由组合等,才能发挥高校作为科研主体的作用。
  • 摘要：Reading has become a way of life,but for different people,or the one at different stages,there is a huge difference in the realm of reading.At least,reading has the following four realms,reading for the material benefits,reading for interest,having an inflated opinion of having read all the books and learning from the people around and from the life.We should strive to achieve the highest realm of reading,putting the rules of conduct,the rules of good conduct in our hearts and carry out by actual efforts.%读书已经成为一种生活方式。不同的人,或者同一个人在不同的阶段,读书的境界差别巨大。读书至少有四重境界,即＂‘读’书都为稻粱谋＂,＂适心‘之’所好＂,＂书‘无’未曾经我读＂,＂从无字句处读书＂。要努力达致读书的最高境界,把书中的为人之道、为好人之道真正放进心里,然后身体力行。
  • 摘要：There always exists disease in university and teaching.Currently,the problem gets even more prominent.This paper analyzes the symptoms of the disease in university and teaching from the angle of the combination of history and reality.Meanwhile,the pathology of Darwinian medicine is used to explore the remote cause and proxi-mate cause of university disease.Thus new understanding of university mission and learning can be established based on learning science and theory of complex thinking.Some strategic measures of promoting teaching reform are offered.%我国大学病、教学病普遍存在,目前问题更为突出。本文对教学及大学病症进行了历史与现实相结合的剖析,并引用达尔文医学病理学探寻大学病症的近因和远因。在学习科学及复杂思维理论的基础上树立大学使命、大学学习等方面的新认识,并提出了推进教学改革的若干战略性举措。
  • 摘要：近年来,我国高校掀起了一股改名热潮,高校改名也成为社会的热门话题,社会各界对这一话题的讨论可谓仁者见仁,智者见智。本文首先对近十年来我国高校更改校名进行了统计,然后根据统计结果来分析高校更改校名的特点,最后对高校更改校名进行SWOT分析,从而使我们对高校更改校名有一个全面、客观的认识。%Nowadays,there is a name-changing tendency in Chinese universities and changing the name of universities becomes a hot topic in society.Different people have different attitude towards it.Firstly,this article collected the data of the universities which changed their names within the last ten years.Secondly,it analyzed the characters of changing the name of universities.At last,it made a SWOT analysis on it.So we can have a comprehensive and objective understanding on it.
  • 23.寄语
    摘要：“爆竹声中一岁除，春风送暖入屠苏。”2012年第一缕阳光普照大地之时，《2012年第一天的师生话语》一文以“师生互动”的形式呈现了柏拉图学园典型的对话体，董云川教授与其研究生弟子们借助网络遥相呼应，追寻了“教育何为”“当下的大学是否还有意义”“所谓高等教育是否具有生命的迹象”。此“对话”优美典雅、给人启迪。
  • 摘要：Sun Dance is the predominantly chief religious ceremony hold by the North American Indians, which derived from the culture popular from the 18th to 19th century. This article summarizes the basic processes of the Sun Dance, analyses the symbolizing meanings of some animal instruments, such as skin and organs, mainly expounds the spiritual nature which constructing the positive interactive relationship between mankind and ecosystem. This understanding about the harmonious relationship in the universe offers the modern human civilization the profound revelation.%太阳舞是北美印第安人举行的重要宗教仪式,源于18～19世纪盛兴于北美的捕猎野牛的文化。本文概述了太阳舞仪式的基本过程,分析了太阳舞中使用的某些动物皮毛及器官的象征意义,重点阐释了太阳舞的精神实质：构建人类与生态和谐共处的良性互动关系,这也是对现代人类文明的深刻启示。
  • 摘要：服务社会使许多大学只顾适应市场需求,被市场牵着鼻子走;追赶世界一流大学科学化指标,让大学成为指标的奴隶。大学问题众多,教师、学者、官员各抒己见,莫衷一是,但往往忘了大学的使命是文化启蒙。%Many universities are absorbed in meeting the market demand by servicing society, and are distracted by the marketplace; universities become the slave of the sci- entific index of pursuing the world class universities. There remains a lot of problems in the universities, teachers, scholars and officials hold their several opinions, and no deci- sion can be reached. The key is that we forget the mission of university is cultural enlightenment.
  • 摘要：2500多年前的显知《论语》,处处昭示着隐知＂德为先＂的实效性教育理念,警示着世人：仲尼不可毁也!重拾《论语》,践行孔子＂德为先＂对话教育模式实效性途径,于生于师都是极具实效性的隐知魅力,是师生＂德＂之塑形根本所在。%More than 2500 years ago, there was the＂ Analects of Confucius＂, which is always the explicit knowledge and clear to show the implicit knowledge＂ Moral First＂, an effective educational idea, warning the world： Confucius cannot be destroyed for ever! Picking up again the ＂Analects of Confucius＂, and practicing ＂ Moral First＂, the ef- fective ways to dialogue mode of education is highly effective to both the students and the teachers in shaping their characters and also their charm of implicit knowledge.
  • 摘要：随着教育现代化和教育民主化的推进,作为精英高等教育的法国大学校因其封闭性和等级性引起了越来越多的关注和争议,文化资本的作用导致了大学校以看似公平的形式保护着不合理的阶级与文化再生产。本文主要从家庭文化资本的视角分析了法国大学校存在的合理性,以及其在招生方面的改革措施,并介绍分析了文化资本补偿计划,以期能够为我国的高教改革提供一定的借鉴和参考。%With the modernization and democratization of education, because of closeness and hierarchy the School in France has attracted more and more attention and controversy. Cultural capital in France leads to the school protecting unreasonable class and cultural reproduction. From the perspective of cultural capital, the paper analyzes the rationality of the French School, the reform measures in recruiting students, and intro- duces the cultural capital compensation plan, to providing references for Chinas higher education reform.
  • 摘要：＂特岗教师＂作为支援农村教育的重要力量,走进了农村、边远地区的中小学,为当地农村教育的发展与改革发挥了重要作用,但是＂特岗计划＂本身存在的局限性以及＂特岗教师＂在农村中小学生活、工作中遇到的困境和其自身存在的问题不能忽视。农村基础教育发展必须反思＂特岗计划＂的不足之处,从根本上进行完善。%Special Post teachers as an important force to support rural education in the rural, remote areas of primary and secondary, played an important role for local de- velopment and reform of rural education, but they have own problems on the inherent limitations of ＂Special Post＂ Plan and in rural school life. Development of basic education in rural areas must reflect on the inadequacies of the ＂ Special Plan＂ for fundamentally perfect.
  • 摘要：朱有勇，中共十六大、十七大代表。2004年至今任云南农大校长，2006年起任国家“973计划”项目的首席科学家，2011年当选中国工程院院士。
  • 摘要：With the social changes, the integrated functions of a university have been separated by all kinds of internal managements while the function of external service has been concerned more and more. Faced with all kinds of demands and expectations, uni- versity needs to return to nature, adheres to the education job of cultivate students.%伴随着社会的变迁,大学内在的综合职能被各级各类管理所分解,外在的服务职能越来越受到关注和重视。面对各种诉求和期望,大学需要回归本性,坚守育人本职。

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