摘要:Objective To probe the conditions and effect factors of the positron-emitting radionuclides production and the radiopharmaceuticals synthesis. Methods The 18F-F- and 13N-NOx were produced by 18O(p,n)18F and 16O(p,α)13N nuclear reaction in PETtrace Cyclotron,respectively. The 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) was synthesized by direct nucleophilic exchange on 4-(4-methylpiperidinyl) pyridinium resin. The 13N-NOx in target water was reduced by Devard's alloy to prepare 13N-ammoina. At the same time,the effect of the abundance and purity of target water,the irradition time, and the proton beam current on the productions of positron-emitting radionuclides and the radiopharmaceuticals was studied. Results While the resistivity of water was less than 10 MΩ*cm,the yields of 18F-FDG and 13N ammoina were less than 9.5% and 38.2%, respectively. The yield of 18F-FDG was more than 20% by using high abundance of 18O-water above 50%. When proton beam current was from 5 μA to 35 μA,the yields of 18F-F and 13N-NOx were increased with the increment of the proton beam current. During irradiation,the yield of 13N-NOx was increased at a rate of 1.2 GBq/min within 20 min, but yield of 13N-NOx was only 0.1 GBq/min after 30 min. Furthermore, the yield of 18F-F was increased at a rate of 1.1 GBq/min within 60 min, and was less than 0.68 GBq/min after 120 min. Conclusions The purity of target water and the proton beam current were main factors for the production of the positron-emitting radionuclides and the synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals. When the resistivity of target water was above 15 MΩ*cm and the irradiation time was one half-life of positron-emitting nuclides, the higher yields of 18F-F and13N-NOx were obtained by using 25 μA ~35 μA proton beam current bombarding the 18O-water and 16O-water, respectively, also, the higher yields of the radiopharmaceuticals were given.%目的探讨正电子核素及其放射性药物生产的影响因素和生产条件.方法利用18O(p,n)18F和16O(p,α)13N核反应在PETtrace回旋加速器中生产18F负离子和13N-NOx ,利用亲核取代反应法合成18F-FDG;采用戴氏合金(Devarda's alloy)还原法制备13N-NH3*H2O.同时,观察靶水的纯度及丰度、轰击时间及质子束流大小等因素对放射性药物生产的影响.结果靶水的电阻率<10MΩ*cm时,18F-FDG和13N-NH3*H2O的产率分别低于9.5%和38.2%;18O-H2O的丰度>50%,18F-FDG的产率>20%.束流强度在5~35 μA时,18F负离子和13N-NOx 的产额随束流增大而增加;在0~20 min的轰击时间内,13N-NOx 的产额平均以1.2 GBq/min的幅度增加,轰击30 min以上,其增加幅度仅为0.1 GBq/min;轰击时间在60 min内,18F负离子的产额平均以1.1 GBq/min的幅度增加,轰击120 min后,其增加幅度<0.68 GBq/min. 结论靶水纯度和质子束流大小是影响正电子放射性药物产率的主要因素.当靶水电阻率>15MΩ*cm时,以正电子核素的一个半衰期时间,用25~35 μA的质子束流持续轰击,其18F负离子和13N-NOx 的产额以及18F-FDG和13N-NH3*H2O的产率较高.