• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
您现在的位置：首页> 中文期刊>临床医学>医药卫生>中国实用护理杂志

中国实用护理杂志

中国实用护理杂志

北大核心

CSTPCD

Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
中华人民共和国卫生部主管，中华医学会、大连理论医学研究所主办。本刊是国内外公开发行的，《中文核心期刊要目总览》临床医学/特种医学类核心期刊。被“万方数据库”收录。本刊宗旨是“突出实用，面向基层，传递护理学术信息，提高护理理论与技术水平，促进护理学科发展”。报道护理领域的科研成果和护理经验以及对临床护理有指导作用，且与临床护理密切结合的基础理论研究，体现科学性、实用性、新颖性、信息性的统一。主要读者对象为基层护理人员、管理人员及护理学院(系)教师、学生。
更多
  • 发文量：15872
  • 被引量：16169
  • H指数：2
  • 开始收录时间：1987(3)
  • CNKI综合因子：0.872
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 2.262
  • 万方期刊影响因子：2.91
  • 创刊时间：1985
  • 国内刊号/CN：21-1501/R
    国际刊号/ISSN：1672-7088
  • 发行周期：旬刊
    邮发代号：8-88
  • 主管单位：中华人民共和国卫生部
    主办单位：中华医学会
中国实用护理杂志-联系信息
  • 主编：-
  • 电话：0411-82490723 82499048
  • 邮箱：cjpn@cmaph.org
  • 地址：大连市南石道街丙寅巷3号
  • 邮编：116013
中国实用护理杂志-获奖情况
  • • 曾获辽宁省一级期刊
  • • 《CAJ-CD规范》执行优秀奖
  • • 卫生部首届医药卫生优秀期刊三等奖
  • • 中华医学会优秀期刊三等奖等众多奖项
  • 收录汇总
  • 刊内文献检索
  • 投稿信息

刊期浏览

相关中文期刊

相关中文会议

相关外文期刊

相关外文会议

最新期刊

热门期刊

中国实用护理杂志 >2021年第36期

学科

年度

全选（0）
排序：
共4384条结果
  • 摘要：目的：探讨电话随访专科化管理在肿瘤化疗间歇期患者中的应用与效果。方法将400例出院化疗间歇期患者按出院先后顺序随机分为观察组和对照组各200例。结合目前的常规电话随访并通过现状调查设计肿瘤化疗间歇期电话随访专科化内容及流程，将其应用于观察组患者；对照组不实施干预，只进行常规电话随访。采用自行设计问卷评价2组患者的随访效果和随访满意度。结果观察组（失访5例）在精神状态平稳、合理饮食、适量活动、了解用药、规律服药和采取预防感染措施方面所占比例分别为73.85%（144/195）、74.36%（145/195）、67.69%（132/195）、80.51%（157/195）、72.31%（141/195）、77.95%（152/195），对照组（失访8例）分别为53.13%（102/192）、51.04%（98/192）、43.75%（84/192）、55.73%（107/192）、52.08%（100/192）、53.13%（102/192），2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=16.84～27.41，P<0.01）；观察组在随访的时间、随访过程中提供健康指导和问题解答方面满意所占百分比分别为67.69%（132/195）、69.23%（135/195）、86.15%（168/195），对照组分别为45.83%（88/192）、46.88%（90/192）、47.92%（92/192），2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=20.49、49.01、77.65，P<0.01）。结论电话随访专科化管理有助于促进患者化疗间歇期的居家护理规范，提高随访效果和满意度。%Objective To explore the application and effects of the specialized management of telephone follow-up in patients with tumor intermission of chemotherapy. Methods A total of 400 patients with tumor intermission of chemotherapy were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 200 cases in each group. Combined with the current general telephone follow-up and through the status of the investigation, content and process of specialized management of telephone follow-up in patients with tumor intermission of chemotherapy were designed and applied to the observation group. The control group did not implement the intervention except for the ordinary telephone follow-up. The two groups of patients were evaluated by self-designed questionnaire, the effect of follow-up and the satisfaction degree of the patients were evaluated. Results In the observation group (5 cases were lost to follow-up), the mental state steady, reasonable diet, moderate activity, understand medical medicine, law and adopt measures to prevent infection accounted for 73.85% (144/195), 74.36% (145/195), 67.69% (132/195), 80.51% (157/195) and 72.31% (141/195), 77.95% (152/195);while in the control group (8 cases were lost to follow-up), the proportion was 53.13% (102/192), 51.04% (98/192), 43.75%(84/192), 55.73%(107/192), 52.08%(100/192), 53.13%(102/192),χ2 values ranged from 16.84 to 27.41, P < 0.01. The satisfaction degree with follow-up time, health guidance and problem solutions during follow-up process of the observation group accounted for 67.69% (132/195), 69.23% (135/195), 86.15% (168/195), the proportion of the control group was 45.83% (88/192), 46.88% (90/192), 47.92%(92/192),χ2 values were 20.49, 49.01, 77.65 (P<0.01). Conclusions The specialized management of telephone follow-up will help to promote the treatment of patients with tumor intermission of chemotherapy of home care norms, improve the effect of follow-up and satisfaction.
  • 摘要：Objective To explore the application status of Nvivo software in qualitative nursing research and compare the difference between overseas and domestic publications. Methods Six databases were searched and finally 159 qualitative nursing articles were analyzed, the information such as year, region, institution, literature source, impact factor, fund support, theme, theory attachment, analytical approach, data collection approach, function utility were used to included. From inception to January 31, 2016. Results It was found that up to 21%(21/100)publications were from Australia, and up to 18.64%(11/59)publications were from Shanghai in the past 15 years. Responsible institutions were mainly college and hospital. 54.24% of these domestic papers had no fund support, and 78 % of these overseas papers had no fund support. Themes of overseas papers were more various than those of domestic. The utility of Nvivo software overseas proved to be more systematic and deeper. Conclusions The quantity and quality of relevant publications increase dramatically in China in recent years, nevertheless, wider and deeper usage of Nvivo function should be explored deeply. Qualitative nursing researchers should take advantage of benefits of Nvivo, build a holistic view and generalize its comprehensive application.%目的：揭示以Nvivo为代表的计算机辅助质性研究软件应用于护理质性研究领域的发展现况及国内外软件功能应用差距。方法以国内外刊载Nvivo软件辅助护理质性研究论文为研究对象，采用文献计量法，检索建库至2016年1月31日国内外六大权威数据库收录的159篇文献，采用自行编制表提取年份、地区、发文机构、文献来源、论文影响力、资助项目情况、主题、理论依托、资料分析、收集方法、软件功能应用信息进行定量描述和分析。结果近15年来，Nvivo软件辅助护理质性研究文献数量快速增长；发表文章量最多的国家和国内地区是澳大利亚21%（21/100）和上海18.64%（11/59）；发文机构主要为大学和医院；国内外未获得资助的文献比例分别为54.24%和78.00%。结论国内使用Nvivo软件辅助护理质性研究的文献数量和质量近年来迅速发展；但国内外Nvivo软件功能实际应用在广度、深度上存在差距，护理质性研究者应把握软件优势，建立Nvivo软件的整体认知，推广其综合应用。
  • 摘要：Objective To interview the work feelings of the Middle youth patients with peritoneal dialysis. Methods Using the purposive sampling method, 11 patients were interviewed, and analyzed the content of the interview. After the interview, data were transcribed and extracted the keywords. Results Eight keywords were extracted, the patients had four positive feelings:self-perceived burden relived;more social support; more glad, negative feelings relived; peritoneal dialysis could be sure. 4 negative themes were extracted:tedious;had economic pressure;lack of self-realization;could not take the family burden. Conclusions Work can improve the living conditions of middle youth patients with peritoneal dialysis. More patients should be encouraged to return to work.%目的：深入了解中青年腹膜透析患者在职工作的体验，明确在职期间中青年腹膜透析患者的积极体验和消极体验，以评估腹膜透析患者回归工作的可行性，进而为制订相应的干预措施促进腹膜透析患者回归工作提供依据。方法采用目的抽样方法，共选取11例在职中青年腹膜透析患者进行访谈，访谈结束后对资料进行文字转录并提取主题词。结果共提取8个主题词，积极的工作体验包括疾病负担较轻，获得了较多社会支持，心情愉快且焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪减轻，工作期间仍能保障腹膜透析；消极的工作体验包括身体易疲乏，经济压力大，疾病限制患者自我实现和发展，无法承担家庭责任。结论回归工作有利于改善中青年腹膜透析患者的生活状况，但是患者亦存在一定程度的经济、疲乏等困境。健康教育时应鼓励有条件的中青年腹膜透析患者回归工作，建议增加腹膜透析的知识宣传，加强亲属外的社会支持体系，帮助中青年腹膜透析患者改善困境。
  • 摘要：Objective To construct integrated service mode of medical care in maternity department and discuss its effect. Methods 160 participants who had been registered and taken periodic inspection in our hospital were divided into two groups: observation group with 80 cases from June to December, 2014 while control group with 80 cases from January to May, 2015. Two groups were offered routine prenatal examination and pregnancy guidance, but observation group was also offered additional integrated service mode (including early pregnant assessment, second-trimester educations, one-to-one late pregnant directives, exchanges during the duration of hospital stay and sustained professional postpartum care). Two groups in mental state, delivery outcome, and pregnancy weight control and satisfaction rate were compared. Results Anxiety and depression score in observation group were (41.89 ± 7.50) points and (42.40 ± 7.40) points, and that in control group were (57.55 ± 9.68) points and (55.00±9.35) points, differences had statistical significance (t=-11.44,-9.42,P<0.05);vaginal delivery cases (48/80) in observation group were higher than control group (33/80) , differences had statistical significance (χ 2=5.63,P < 0.05). Body weight of antepartum and gestation were (67.80 ± 8.18) kg and (12.96 ± 3.44) kg in observation group, and those in control group were (70.98 ± 8.82) kg and (14.28 ± 3.68) kg,differences had statistical significance (t=-2.36,-2.35, P<0.05). Satisfaction rate of observation group was 90.00%(72/80), which was higher than 78.75%(63/80) of control group (U=592.00, P<0.01). Conclusions Integrated service mode of medical care can improve pregnant women′s negative mental state, control pregnancy weight, promote natural labour and enhance satisfaction rate effectively.%目的：构建产科医护患一体化服务模式并探讨其服务效果。方法选择建卡并定期产检的初产妇160名，其中2014年6－12月的80名为对照组，2015年1－6月80名为观察组。对照组实施常规产前门诊检查和孕期指导，观察组除常规产前检查和孕期指导外，实施医护患一体化服务模式（孕早期评估、孕中期宣教、孕晚期一对一指导和分娩计划，住院期间医护沟通、产后持续提供专业照护），比较2组孕产妇心理状态、分娩结局、孕期体质量控制与满意度。结果观察组出院时焦虑、抑郁评分分别为（41.89±7.50）、（42.40±7.40）分，对照组分别为（57.55±9.68）、（55.00±9.35）分，2组比较差异有统计学意义（t=-11.44、-9.42，P<0.05）；观察组自然分娩人数（48/80）明显多于对照组（33/80），差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.63，P<0.05）；观察组产妇分娩前体质量、孕期体质量增加数分别为（67.80±8.18）、（12.96±3.44）kg，对照组分别为（70.98±8.82）、（14.28±3.68）kg，2组比较差异有统计学意义（t=-2.36、-2.35，P<0.05）；观察组非常满意率为90.00%（72/80），高于对照组的78.75%（63/80）（U=592.00，P<0.01）。结论医护患一体化服务模式能有效改善孕产妇负性心理状态，控制孕期体质量，促进自然分娩和提高分娩满意度，值得推广。
  • 摘要：目的：了解养老院失能老年人照护需求与服务供给现状，为提升失能老年人生命质量提供实证依据。方法采用简单随机抽样法，运用自制调查表对嘉兴市老年公寓、富兴老年公寓、新兴街道养老服务中心、城南街道养老服务中心、嘉诚护理院等9家养老机构300名失能老年人进行照护现状调查，主要内容包括一般情况及日常生活照护、健康管理和心理慰藉3个维度的服务供需情况。结果89%失能老年人有长期照护需求（失能时间>1年）；失能老年人照护需求与照护服务供给总分差异具有统计学意义（t=12.206，P＜0.01）；不同人口社会学特征失能老年人的照护需求得分比较：不同失能程度老年人的日常生活照护需求得分差异有统计学意义（F=27.690，P＜0.01），失能时间不同的老年人日常生活照护需求得分差异有统计学意义（F=3.891，P＜0.05）；不同性别的老年人健康管理需求得分差异有统计学意义（t=2.383，P＜0.05），不同婚姻状况老年人的健康管理需求得分差异有统计学意义（t=-4.632，P＜0.01），子女居住地不同的老年人健康管理需求得分差异有统计学意义（t=-2.980，P<0.01），患病数量不同的老年人健康管理需求得分差异有统计学意义（F=2.972，P<0.05），失能时间不同的老年人健康管理需求得分差异有统计学意义（F=8.187， P<0.01）；不同婚姻状况老年人的心理慰藉需求得分差异有统计学意义（t=-2.969，P<0.01）。结论失能老年人照护需求总体水平较高且有长期照护需求；养老机构提供的日常生活照护服务能够满足失能老年人所需，但健康管理和心理慰藉的服务供给尚不能满足失能老年人所需。应建立政府、养老院、医疗机构和社会互动机制，以失能老年人的照护需求为导向，拓展服务项目，以便更好地满足失能老年人的身心照护需求。
  • 摘要：目的：调查新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者疾病知识水平和需求及民族间差异。方法自行设计一般资料问卷和疾病知识需求问卷，采用克罗恩病与溃疡性结肠炎知识问卷（CCKNOW）作为疾病知识水平问卷。对194例维吾尔族和汉族UC患者进行问卷调查，分析调查结果。结果维吾尔族UC患者CCKNOW评分为（6.9±3.5）分，汉族UC患者CCKNOW评分为（9.2±3.1）分，维吾尔族患者评分显著低于汉族（Z=-2.831, P=0.005）。饮食知识准确率（30%和63%）和药物知识准确率（45%和44%）高于一般知识（24%和32%）和并发症知识（12%和30%）。维吾尔族UC患者疾病知识需求评分为（168.2±15.6）分，汉族UC患者疾病知识需求评分为（155.4±17.2）分，维吾尔族患者评分显著高于汉族（t=4.429，P=0.001）。维吾尔族UC患者生育知识需求评分最高，为（4.7±1.0）分，汉族UC患者日常生活相关知识需求评分最高，为（4.8±0.8）分。结论新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族UC患者疾病知识水平整体偏低，尤其缺乏疾病一般知识和饮食知识，维吾尔族UC患者疾病知识水平明显低于汉族。维吾尔族和汉族UC患者对疾病知识的需求度均较高，且不同民族及性别、年龄、文化程度、居住环境、住院次数等一般特征不同的个体的疾病知识需求存在差异，有必要根据不同个体，选择有针对性的健康教育内容和适宜的教育方式。%Objective To investigate the knowledge level and needs in Xinjiang Uygur and Han patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), compare the differences between the two ethnic groups. Methods A total of 194 Uygur and Han UC patients were investigated with the general information questionnaire, the Crohn′s and Colitis Knowledge Score (CCKNOW) questionnaire, disease related knowledge needs questionnaire, to analyze the investigate results. Results CCKNOW score of Uygur and Han UC were (6.9±3.5) points and (9.2±3.1) points respectively, and Uygur was significantly lower than that of Han (Z=-2.831, P=0.005). Knowledge accuracy of dietary (30% and 63%) and drug (45% and 44%) were higher than general information (24% and 32%) and complications (12% and 30%) . Disease related knowledge needs score of Uygur and Han UC patients were (168.2±15.6) points and (155.4±17.2) points respectively, the score of Uygur patients was significantly higher than that of Han patients (t=4.429, P=0.001).The highest disease related knowledge needs score was (4.7±1.0) points of reproductive knowledge for Uygur UC patients, for Han patients was knowledge of daily life which was (4.8 ± 0.8) points. Conclusions The disease related knowledge level of Xinjiang Uygur and Han UC patients are relatively low, especially lack of general knowledge and diet knowledge, disease related knowledge of Uygur UC patients are lower than Han patients. The needs of the disease knowledge are very high for two ethnic groups, different one has different ethnic, gender, age, education level, living environment, hospitalization times, areas of disease related knowledge needs are also different. It is necessary to choose the targeted education content and suitable education way according to individual differences for nursing staff.
  • 摘要：目的：了解肿瘤专科护士在培训中的真实感受与需求，为完善培养模式及培养内容，定位职业发展提供参考依据。方法采用质性研究法中的现象学研究法，深入访谈浙江省肿瘤基地第5届肿瘤专科护士培训学员，所得资料运用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行整理分析。结果肿瘤专科护士培训效果较好，收获颇丰，学员职业态度积极，培训期间承受压力较大，但外界支持应对机制较好，有增加理论授课时间、提高理论课效果、细化肿瘤专科护士培训及加强临床实践带教的需求。结论肿瘤专科护士的培训有一定的必要性，该培训对肿瘤专科护士的能力有较大提升，受访者对职业前景持乐观态度，但培养模式及培养内容仍有待进一步完善，以提高其培训效果。%Objective To describe the true feelings and needs in oncology professional nurses training, so as to provide evidences for improving training content and patterns, orientating the career development. Methods Phenomenological methodology of qualitative study was adopted in this research. In-depth interview were conducted on 1-5 session specialized nurse in Zhejiang tumor base. Data was analyzed by Colaizzi analysis. Results Oncology professional nurses teaching effect was good, there were quite abundant harvest. Nurses′ professional attitudes were positive. Their training pressure was bigger, but there were good external support ways to cope. They had increased theory class time, improve the effect of theory course, refine the training content, and strengthening clinical practice teaching needs. Conclusions The training of tumor specialized nurse has certain necessity, and the nurses′ability has great advanced. Respondents were optimistic to the career prospects. However, the training patterns and content should be continuously perfected and updated, in order to improve the training effect.
  • 摘要：Objective To discuss the application effects of trinitarian visualization teaching model in endoscopy reprocessing teaching practice. Methods Subjects in the study were divided into the trinitarian visualization teaching group (n=40) and the traditional teaching group (n=43) by random number table method; Compliance and credibility rating of endoscope reprocessing procedures were compared between 2 groups. 2 weeks after training, objectives were examined and assessed by questionnaires separately. Results Compliance of the trinitarian visualization teaching group was higher than the traditional teaching group (χ2=10.501, P=0.033). The trinitarian visualization teaching group had a higher rating in compliance, with 47.47 credibility points, theory test (93.79 ± 3.81) points and 93.02%(40/43) of operation pass. The traditional teaching group had a credibility point of 43.68 credibility points, with theory test (85.25±3.14) points and 77.50%(31/40) of operation pass. Significant difference between the two groups were statistical significant (t=4.84 and 11.097, χ2=4.038,P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions The trinitarian visualization teaching model can be used to improve the reprocessing training quality, to save time and human resource and to reach the training demand.%目的：探讨三位一体可视化教学方法在内镜清洗消毒规范化培训实践中的应用效果。方法按照随机数字表法将研究对象分为2组：传统教学组43人和三位一体教学组40人，培训时间为2d。比较2组学员对内镜清洗消毒步骤的依从性及对不同教学方法的公信力评分，同时收集培训2周后学员的理论成绩得分和实践考核合格率。结果三位一体教学组依从性评分高于传统教学组（χ2=10.501，P=0.033）；三位一体教学组公信力评分、培训2周后理论成绩得分和实践考核合格率分别为47.47分、（93.79±3.81）分、93.02%（40/43），传统教学组分别为43.68分、（85.25±3.14）分、77.50%（31/40），差异有统计学意义（t=4.84和11.097、χ2=4.038，P＜0.01或0.05）。结论三位一体可视化教学方法有助于提高内镜清洗消毒规范化培训质量，节约人力和时间，更加符合消化内镜清洗消毒规范化培训的需求，值得临床推广和应用。
  • 摘要：Objective To investigate the clinic application of venturi oxygen therapy heated humidify system on artificial airway management. Methods 30 cases of experimental group used venturi oxygen therapy for humidification and heating, while 30 cases of control group were treated with continuous wet micro-injection pump method for artificial airway care. Humidifying effects, effects of oxygen therapy, incidence of pulmonary complications were compared between the two groups. Results The humidifying effects on experimental group (26 cases) were better than control group (17 cases) (χ2=6.648,P<0.05). The irritating cough (5 cases), airway mucosa injury (1 case) and the formation of sputum crust (2 cases) in experimental group were less than 13 cases, 6 cases, 6 cases in control group (χ2=5.079, 4.043, 7.954,P<0.05). The times of sputum drainage on experimental group was (17.28 ± 5.51) times which was less than (31.22±5.24) times of control group (t=4.312, P<0.01).The effect on oxygen therapy about oxygen saturation in experimental group was 0.932 2 ±0.020 5 when sputum drainage, and 0.982 2± 0.009 4 two minutes later, which was higher than 0.916 7 ±0.011 2 and 0.957 2 ±0.013 6 of control group (t=3.431,6.276, P<0.01). Conclusions Venturi oxygen therapy heated humidify system can reduce the formation of sputum crust, reduce the times of sputum drainage, reduce hypoxia degree and shorten the duration caused by sputum crust, improve the effect of heat and humidification of patient.%目的：探讨文丘里氧疗温湿化技术在人工气道管理中的临床应用效果。方法选取神经外科符合要求的人工气道患者，按照脱离呼吸机的奇偶数顺序分为试验组30例与对照组30例，试验组采用文丘里氧疗温湿化技术，对照组采用微量泵持续滴入法。比较2组的湿化效果、氧疗效果、肺部并发症。结果试验组湿化效果满意26例优于对照组17例（χ2=6.648，P<0.05），发生刺激性咳嗽5例、气道黏膜损伤1例、形成痰痂2例，均少于对照组的13、6、11例，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=5.079、4.043、7.954，均P<0.05）；试验组吸痰次数为（17.28±5.51）次，少于对照组（31.22±5.24）次（t=4.312，P<0.01），吸痰时血氧饱和度为0.9322±0.0205、吸痰后2 min血氧饱和度为0.9822±0.0094，均高于对照组的0.9167±0.0112和0.9572±0.0136（t=3.431、6.276，均P<0.01）。结论文丘里氧疗温湿化法可以明显减少痰痂形成，并可减少吸痰次数，以及吸痰所致低氧血症程度并缩短其持续时间，提高人工气道的加温加湿效果。
  • 摘要：目的：通过循证实践提出降温后复测体温时间点的最佳建议。方法运用美国约翰霍普金斯大学医院的循证实践项目管理工具，通过问题确立、证据综合和转移评鉴3个步骤对降温后最佳复测体温时间进行循证实践。结果物理降温最佳复测体温时间为降温后30 min；药物降温最佳复测体温时间为降温后60 min；联合降温最佳复测体温时间为物理降温后30 min和使用药物后60 min。结论采用降温措施后最佳复测体温时间因降温措施不同而存在差异。%Objective To find the best time to remeasure temperature after cooling with evidence-based practice. Methods Used Johns Hopkins′ Evidence Based Practice Tool to find the best time to remeasure temperature after cooling. That tool included three steps which were establish problem, evidence synthesis and transfer evaluation. Results The best time to remeasure temperature after physical cooling was 30 minutes. The best time to remeasure temperature after drug cooling was 60 minutes. The best time to remeasure temperature after physical and drug combination cooling was 30 minutes after physical cooling and 60 minutes after using drug. Conclusion The best time to remeasure temperature after cooling was different because of the different cooling methods.
  • 摘要：目的：探讨3种皮肤外用药在防治鼻咽癌患者放射性皮炎中的效果。方法将2014年8月至2015年10月收治的120例鼻咽癌患者，按照随机数字表法分为芦荟胶组、三乙醇胺乳膏组、放射治疗皮肤防护剂（利肤宁）组各40例。3组患者除外用药不同外，其他条件保持相对一致。比较3组患者在放疗期间发生放射性皮炎的分级、面积、局部疼痛评分、外用药物费用情况及首次发生放射性皮炎时的放疗剂量。结果3种皮肤外用药均有防治作用，但效果不同。3组患者100%发生放射性皮炎，但发生的级别不同。芦荟胶组和三乙醇胺乳膏组主要为Ⅱ级放射性皮炎，发生Ⅳ级放射性皮炎的病例分别为2、4例，利肤宁组主要为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级放射性皮炎，Ⅲ级放射性皮炎仅2例，无Ⅳ级放射性皮炎的发生，3组比较差异有统计学意义（H=8.758，P＜0.05）。3组患者用药后均有疼痛发生，三乙醇胺乳膏组12例、利肤宁组7例、芦荟胶组仅2例（H=8.586，P＜0.05）。3组皮肤外用药费用不同，三乙醇胺乳膏组平均费用546.0元、利肤宁组458.2元、芦荟胶组157.5元。3组间两两比较，三乙醇胺乳膏组和芦荟胶组疼痛差异有统计学意义（χ2=9.62，P＜0.05），芦荟胶优于三乙醇胺乳膏，能更有效地缓解放射野局部疼痛，但在放射性皮炎分级、面积和首次发生放射性皮炎时放疗剂量方面差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；三乙醇胺乳膏组和利肤宁组仅疼痛差异无统计学意义（χ2=2.47，P＞0.05），其余各项观察指标均差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），利肤宁优于三乙醇胺乳膏，能更好地减轻和延缓放射性皮炎的发生和恶化，避免放射性皮炎面积的扩大；芦荟胶组和利肤宁组仅在放射性皮炎分级方面差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.32，P＜0.05），利肤宁优于芦荟胶，利肤宁更有利于减轻和延缓放射性皮炎的发生，其余各项观察指标均差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论综合皮肤外用药防治鼻咽癌患者放射性皮炎的疗效、疼痛和价格3个方面情况，利肤宁作为三乙醇胺和芦荟的合剂不仅能有效减轻和延缓放射性皮炎的发生，减轻放射野局部疼痛感受，且价格适中，患者更易接受，值得临床推广使用。%Objective To investigate the effect of three kinds of skin external use in the prevention and treatment of radiation dermatitis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods 120 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who were treated form August 2014 to October 2015 were divided into three groups by random number table method, namely, aloe vera gel group, triethanolamine cream group, radiation treatment of skin protectants (lifuning) group. Except for different medications among the groups, the other conditions remained relatively consistent. 3 groups were compared in the radiotherapy classification, area, local pain score, and topical drug costs during the radiotherapy and the radiation dose when radiation dermatitis occurred the first time. Results Three kinds of skin external use had a preventive effect, but the effect was different. Three groups′ patients with radiation dermatitis incidence was 100%, but occurred at different levels. Aloe vera gel cream group and triethanolamine group were mainly for gradeⅡradiation dermatitis, grade IV radiation dermatitis occurred in 2 cases and 4 cases, lifuning group were mainly for grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱ radiation dermatitis, grade Ⅲ radiation dermatitis only occurred 2 cases, noⅣgrade radiation dermatitis occurred. Comparison among the three groups, the difference was statistically significant (H=8.758,P<0.05). 3 groups of patients after treatment all suffered pain, 12 patients in triethanolamine cream group , 7 patients in lifuning group , only 2 cases in aloe vera gel group (H=8.586,P<0.05). The average cost of skin external used in 3 groups was different, triethanolamine cream group was 546.0 yuan, lifuning group was 458.2 yuan, and aloe vera gel group was 157.5 yuan. Among the three groups pairwise comparison, the differences in triethanolamine cream group and aloe vera gel group were statistically significant in pain (χ2=9.62,P<0.05), aloe vera gel group was better than the group of triethanolamine cream, the differences among radiation dermatitis grade, size and radiation dose of radiation dermatitis occurred the first time were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The difference between in lifuning group and triethanolamine cream group in pain had no statistically significant (χ2=2.47,P>0.05), other indexes had significant differences (P < 0.05). Lifuning was better than the triethanolamine cream to reduce and delay the onset and deterioration of radiation dermatitis and could prevent a widening of the area of radiation dermatitis;aloe vera gel group and lifuning group had a significant difference in radioepidermitis grade (χ2=6.32,P<0.05). Lifuning was better than the aloe vera gel and was more conducive to reduce and delay the occurrence of radiation dermatitis, other indexes differences had no statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions Considering the efficacy, pain and price three aspects which skin external use prevention and treatment radiation dermatitis patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lifuning as the mixture of triethanolamine and aloe can effectively reduce and delay the chance of radiation dermatitis, reduce the radiation field experience of local pain, and affordable, the patients are more acceptable, it′s worthy of clinical use.
  • 摘要：Objective To discuss the risk factors for incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) in elderly patients to provide the basis for the scientific research and formulation of effective precautions. Methods Totally 170 elderly patients were collected age, gender and other 10 data. The study allocated patients into case group and control group based on the end whether get incontinent dermatitis. Univarate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted to compare the 11 indicators mentioned above between the two groups to find out the risk factors. Results The types of incontinence, diarrhea, damp frequency, diabetes, and antimicrobials species were significantly different between the two groups (χ2=4.317-17.404, P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that fecal incontinence, diarrhea and diabetes were risk factors (P < 0.05). Conclusions Clinical nurses should increase especially for incontinence frequency > 3 times per day and/or stool is thin and watery then patients, diarrhea and hemorrhoids patients, diabetes prevalence > 10 years or the level of blood glucose control with poor patients attention,and take effective intervention measures, focusing on prevention and cure together.%目的：探讨与分析老年患者发生失禁相关性皮炎（IAD）的风险因素，为临床护士有效识别与科学筛选高危患者提供依据。方法采用实证研究法收集武警总医院170例老年患者一般资料及9项观察指标，根据是否发生IAD纳入IAD组和非IAD组，对2组患者收集资料进行单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析，得出患者发生IAD的风险因素。结果2组患者失禁类型、腹泻、潮湿频次、糖尿病、应用抗菌药种数5项观察指标差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.317~17.404，P<0.05）。其中大便失禁、腹泻、糖尿病是老年患者发生IAD的独立风险因素（P<0.05）。结论临床护士尤其应提高对失禁频次＞3次/d和/或大便性状为稀便或水样便患者、腹泻且有痔疮患者、糖尿病患病＞10年和/或血糖水平控制不良患者的关注，采取有效的干预措施，预防为主，防治结合。
  • 摘要：目的：探讨真诚型领导对护士沉默行为的影响并检验组织支持感的中介效应。方法2015年9-11月，采用真诚型领导问卷、组织支持感问卷和组织沉默问卷对符合纳入条件的护士进行了横断面问卷调查，收集了354份有效数据，采用多元线性阶层回归分析检验变量间的关系。结果真诚型领导能够促进下属护士的组织支持感知（β=0.543，P＜0.01），从而显著抑制下属护士沉默行为（β=-0.323，P＜0.01），组织支持感在二者关系间扮演完全中介效应（β=0.175，P＜0.01）。结论真诚型领导风格通过构建支持性工作环境，消除护士的建言顾虑、激发建言动机和建言效能，最终打破下属护士沉默。%Objective To explore the impact of authentic leadership on silence behavior of nurses and test the mediating effect of organizational support. Methods The 354 valid questionnaires were collected using the a cross-sectional survey with Authentic Leadership Questionnaire, Perceived Organizational Support Scale and Silence Behavior Scale between September to November in 2015, using the multiple line hierarchical regression analysis to test the relationship between variables. Results Authentic leadership could significantly promote the perceived organizational support of subordinate nurses (β= 0.543, P<0.01), which in turn, significantly restrain silence behavior of subordinate nurses (β=-0.323, P<0.01), the perceived organizational support completely mediate the relationship between authentic leadership and silence behavior (β=0.175, P<0.01). Conclusions By constructing the supporting work environment, authentic leadership can eliminates nurses′ voice worry, motivates the voice motivation and efficiency, in turn to break the silence. This article propose the action mechanisms from three perspectives.
  • 摘要：目的：对结肠镜前肠道准备方法的首剂复方聚乙二醇电解质散服用时间、饮食控制、运动时间进行改良，并评价新方法对患者肠道清洁的效果。方法观察性研究，前瞻性队列研究设计，将3个肠道准备方法不同科室的330例患者设定为A、B、C 3组，每组110例。A组为无需运动，检查前3 d饮食准备，检查前晚20：00首剂服药，服药方法为1次服药；B组为每服1 L复方聚乙二醇电解质散后运动时间≥20 min，检查前1 d饮食准备，检查前1 d 14：00首剂服药，服药方法为分2次服药；C组为服用复方聚乙二醇电解质散过程中持续走动，检查前1 d饮食准备，检查前晚20：00首剂服药，服药方法为1次服药。采用Boston肠道准备量表评价3组患者的肠道清洁度，并对患者的安全性、舒适度及依从性进行评价。结果共330例研究对象完成研究，3组研究对象的肠道清洁度总得分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），但是B组研究对象评分“优秀”的例数明显多于其他2组，A、B、C组分别为30、46、29例，差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.627，P=0.022）。B组研究对象在睡眠、饥饿、肛门不适3个方面的舒适度明显优于其他2组，差异有统计学意义（χ2=19.425、6.687、8.130，P<0.01或0.05）；B组遵医嘱完成肠道准备的依从性显著优于其他组（χ2=14.756，P=0.001），对运动的依从性优于C组（χ2=11.848，P=0.001）。结论改良后的肠道准备方法，缩短了饮食控制的时间，明确了运动时间为20 min，保证了更高的安全性，在提高肠道清洁度的同时，也提高了研究对象的舒适度和依从性。%Objective To evaluate the influence of the preparation-to-colonoscopy interval, diet control and excise on bowel preparation quality in the split-dose method for colonoscopy. Methods Observational study, prospective cohort study design, three bowel preparation methods were set up in different departments for A, B, C 3 groups, each group of 110 cases. In group A, no movement was required. Diet preparation was 3 days earlier than the examination, and take all the medicine in once at 20:00 the day before examination, group B, 1 L medicine required for 20 minutes movement, diet preparation was 1 day earlier than the examination, and take the medicine in twice the day before examination at 14:00, group C, keep walking during taking the medicine, diet preparation was 1 day earlier than the examination, and took all the medicine in once the day before examination at 20:00. The Boston Bowel Preparation Scale was used to evaluate the bowel cleansing quality. A questionnaire was administered to investigate patients′tolerability and safety. Results A total of 330 consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy. There was no significance among three groups on bowel cleansing quality(P>0.05). However, the number of"excellently cleaned"was higher in group B than the others, in group A,B and C respectively 30, 46, 29 cases, the difference was significant (χ2=7.627, P=0.022). Group B was superior to the others in terms of comfort, sleep quality, hunger, and discomfort, the difference was significant (χ2=19.425, 6.687 and 8.130, P < 0.01 or 0.05). Group B was also superior to the others in terms of the compliance of completing the preparation under the doctors′advice (χ2=14.756, P=0.001) and exercises (χ2=11.848, P=0.001). Conclusions The new method shortened the time of the diet control and set the exercises time to 20 minutes. So it was found to have a higher level of safety, bowel preparation quality and tolerability.
  • 摘要：Objective To explore the effects of multiple geriatric syndromes on quality of life in the hospitalized elderly type 2 diabetes. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out in 397 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by convenience sampling method. Each subject was assessed for general condition, quality of life as well as chronic pain, chronic constipation, urinary incontinence, high risk of falling, malnutrition, sleep disorder, polypharmacy. The influencing factors of quality of life were analyzed by multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results The patients averagely had 3.23 ± 1.51 geriatric syndromes, and 87.2% (346/397) of them had two or more geriatric syndromes. The average physical component summary of patients was (277.11±64.30) points, and mental component summary was (307.00 ± 60.46) points. The influencing factors of physical component of quality of life were quantity of geriatric syndromes, number of complications and course of disease, while the influencing factors of mental component of quality of life were quantity of geriatric syndromes, number of complications. Conclusions Multiple geriatric syndromes are closely related to the patients′quality of life to a greater degree as demographic factors and condition of diabetes. Nursing staffs should pay attention to the assessment and intervention of multiple geriatric syndromes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, so as to improve patients′quality of life effectively.%目的：探讨多重老年综合征对住院老年2型糖尿病患者生命质量的影响。方法采用便利抽样法，选取青岛大学附属医院397例住院老年2型糖尿病患者作为调查对象，对患者一般情况、生命质量以及慢性疼痛、慢性便秘、尿失禁、跌倒风险、营养不良、睡眠障碍、多重用药进行评估。对患者生命质量影响因素进行单因素及多元逐步回归分析。结果研究对象平均患有老年综合征（3.23±1.51）个，其中87.2%（346/397）的患者存在2个或2个以上老年综合征。患者生理健康得分为（277.11±64.30）分，心理健康得分为（307.00±60.46）分。生理健康的影响因素包括老年综合征数量、并存症与并发症数量和病程，心理健康的影响因素为老年综合征数量和并发症与并存症数量。结论多重老年综合征与患者生理健康、心理健康密切相关，这种影响甚至超过人口学因素和糖尿病病情对患者生命质量带来的损害。护理人员应重视老年2型糖尿病患者多重老年综合征的评估与干预，从而有效改善患者生命质量。
  • 摘要：Objective To investigate long-term care needs and its influencing factors among old people with chronic diseases in nursing homes in rural area of Liaoning. Methods A total of 502 elderly with chronic diseases were recruited using convenience sampling method from eight nursing homes in rural area of Liaoning, and were investigated with the general information questionnaire, Short Form 36-item Health Survey (SF-36) and long-term care needs questionnaire from March 2015 to January 2016. Results Logistic regression analyses were used to identify that age (P=0.000), old patients′ disease condition (P=0.008), marriage (P=0.013) and quality of life (P=0.000) were major factors affecting long-term care needs. The top three highest percentage services were seeing the doctor 85.26% (428/502), assisting with taking the medicine 80.28% (403/502), assisting with bathing 70.32% (353/502). Conclusions This study suggests that we should improve the quality of services of long-term care needs based on the demands of old people with chronic diseases in nursing homes in rural area.%目的：调查辽宁省农村养老机构慢性病老年人长期照护需求并分析其影响因素。方法2015年3月至2016年1月，采取便利抽样的方法选取辽宁省8所农村养老机构中的502名慢性病老年人作为研究对象，采用一般情况调查表、简明健康状况调查问卷（SF-36）和自制长期照护需求问卷进行调查。结果 Logistic回归分析表明年龄（P=0.000）、患慢性病数量（P=0.008）、婚姻状况（P=0.013）、生命质量（P=0.000）是长期照护需求的影响因素。长期照护服务需求率排在前3位的依次为陪同看病85.26%（428/502）、协助合理用药80.28%（403/502）和洗澡帮助70.32%（353/502）。结论养老机构应该以慢性病老年人的照护需求为导向，采取有效措施提高长期照护服务质量。
  • 摘要：目的：探究工作压力如何影响护士的躯体化症状和工作倦怠，特别关注工作压力对护士工作倦怠的影响是否随压力类型不同而异。方法采用横断面设计和问卷调查法，随机选取南京市9所医院的455名护士为被试。结果（1）工作压力能显著正向预测躯体化症状（β工作负荷=0.33，β人际压力=0.22，均P＜0.01）、情绪耗竭（β工作负荷=0.57，β人际压力=0.22，均P＜0.01）与消极怠慢（β工作负荷=0.49，β人际压力=0.29，均P＜0.01），显著负向预测职业效能（β工作负荷=-0.18，β人际压力=-0.21，均P＜0.01）。（2）工作负荷对情绪耗竭和消极怠慢的影响显著高于人际压力（Z=6.37、3.57，均P<0.05），但对躯体化症状和职业效能的影响，两者差异无统计学意义（Z=1.79、0.47，均P>0.05）。结论工作压力对护士工作倦怠的影响因压力类型不同而异。%Objective To examine how work stress influences somatization and work burnout, especially concerning for the difference between work load and interpersonal relationship stress in the correlation with work burnout. Methods Using cross-sectional design and questionnaire survey method, participants were 455 female nurses recruited from nine hospitals in Nanjing, China. Results The results revealed that work load and interpersonal relationship stress positively predicted somatization (βwork load=0.33,βinterpersonal relationship stres =0.22, P<0.01), emotional exhaustion (βwork load=0.57,βinterpersonal relationship stres =0.22, P<0.01) and cynicism (βwork load=0.49,βinterpersonal relationship stres =0.29, P<0.01), and negatively predicted personal accomplishment (βwork load=-0.18,βinterpersonal relationship stres =-0.21, P<0.01). Specially, the influence of work load on emotional exhaustion and cynicism was significantly higher than that of interpersonal relationship stress (Z=6.37, 3.57, P < 0.05), but there were no differences between them in personal accomplishment and somatization (Z=1.79, 0.47, P > 0.05). Conclusions There are significant differences between work load and interpersonal relationship stress in the correlation with work burnout.
  • 摘要：中医护理操作应用于颈椎病的效果已得到普遍认可。本文基于国内外中医护理操作应用于颈椎病的研究现状，综合评述了应用于颈椎病最为广泛的3项中医护理操作，即拔罐、刮痧和穴位按摩的应用和改良，并对应用于颈椎病研究尚少的艾灸、耳穴埋豆、熏洗、湿敷和涂药疗法的发展趋势进行展望。%The effects of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing operation in cervical spondylitis have been generally recognized. This paper reviewed the applications and improvements of the major three TCM nursing operations, cupping, Gua-Sha and acupressure. The future developments in moxibustion, auricular point sticking, fumigation and washing therapy and moisten compress therapy were also prospected.
  • 摘要：Objective To investigate the value and nursing of persistent balloon dilatation for anastomotic stricture after choledochojejunostomy. Methods The clinical data of 14 cases of anastomotic strictures after choledochojejunostomy accepted the treatment of persistent balloon dilatation were analyzed retrospectively. The effect, adverse reactions and approriate nursing were evaluated. Results Five patients were performed with persistent balloon dilatation thorough the output loop of intestine after choledochojejunostomy and 9 patients through percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. There was no hemobilia, bile leak or other serious complications. There were 2 cases of balloon dilatation catheter damage, 5 cases of pressure pump damage and 4 cases of balloon migration with 25.0% (7/28) instrument damage rate and 4 cases of balloon migration. After persistent balloon dilation for 6 to 8 months, no anastomotic stricture was found by choledochoscopic examination. Follow up for 6 to 18 months, 2 cases had recurrent anastomotic stricture. Conclusions Persistent balloon dilatation by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography is a simple, safe and effective method for anastomotic stricture after choledochojejunostomy. In the course of nursing, the balloon catheter and pressure pump damage, and balloon migration should be noted.%目的：探讨持续性球囊扩张治疗胆肠吻合术后吻合口狭窄的疗效及护理体会。方法回顾性分析采用持续性球囊扩张治疗的14例胆肠吻合术后吻合口狭窄患者的临床资料，观察治疗效果、不良反应及相应护理。结果14例患者中行经胆肠吻合口输出襻肠管持续性球囊扩张5例，经皮经肝胆管途径持续性球囊扩张9例；全组无出血、胆漏等重大并发症，治疗过程中发生球囊扩张导管损坏2例，压力泵损坏5例，球囊移位4例，器械损坏率25.0%（7/28）、球囊移位率4/13；持续扩张6～8个月后行胆道镜观察，吻合口狭窄解除14例；随访3～16个月，胆肠吻合口狭窄复发2例。结论持续性球囊扩张可以作为治疗胆肠吻合口狭窄的一种简单、安全、有效的微创方法，护理过程中需注意球囊扩张导管及压力泵损坏、球囊移位的发生。
  • 摘要：目的：探讨早期综合发展模式对早产儿体格、智能及神经心理发育的影响，探索早产儿早期综合发展模式在儿保门诊普遍应用的可行性。方法干预组90例早产儿从出院前开始介入，进行连续监测及综合干预，包括常规系统保健、养育指导、亲子活动、发育监测、智力测评、个体化指导等，对有异常情况者及时矫治；对照组90例在纠正月龄1个月后进行常规儿童保健。结果3月龄时对照组检出神经系统异常192例次，干预组检出129例次，对照组神经系统异常检出率高于干预组（χ2=14.574，P=0.000）；干预组12月龄时身长为（74.31±2.34）cm，对照组为（72.82±2.13）cm；干预组12月龄时体质量为（9.42±0.93）kg，对照组为（8.11±0.90）kg，干预组的体质量、身长的增长均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t=4.467、9.602，P<0.05）；同时测评智能发育水平，干预组大运动（96.40±7.83）分，精细动作（95.45±7.87）分，适应能力（98.33±10.87）分，社交行为（105.65±7.51）分，发育商（101.45±7.36）分，对照组分别为（92.53±6.57）、（89.27±8.02）、（94.26±9.88）、（100.31±8.13）、（95.65±6.93）分，2组差异有统计学意义（t=2.628～5.443，P<0.05）。结论儿童早期综合发展模式在早产儿中的应用，能早期发现神经发育偏离的儿童，有助于对早产儿进行早期干预，采用家庭与门诊相结合的干预模式，可减少神经系统异常的发生，提高智力测评各能区的发育水平，促进早产儿的智能、运动发育和社会适应能力。%Objective To discuss the effect of early comprehensive development mode on physical, intelligence and mental development of premature infants, and explore the feasibility of comprehensive development mode of preterm infants generally applied in child care clinic. Methods 90 cases of premature infants in intervention group from the beginning of the hospital before the intervention, continuous monitoring and comprehensive intervention including general system health, parenting guidance, family activities, growth monitoring, intelligence assessment, individualized instruction, and so on, for the timely correction of the anomalies. The 90 infants in the control group were only given conventional child health care after 1 month of corrected age. Results The nervous system abnormalities were detected 192 person-times in control group, while 129 person-times in intervention group at 3 months old, the detected rate of nervous system anomaly was higher in the control group than that in the intervention group (χ2=14.574, P=0.000). The body length of the intervention group was (74.31± 2.34) cm, the control group was (72.82 ± 2.13) cm. The body weight of the intervention group was (9.42 ± 0.93) kg, the control group was (8.11 ± 0.90) kg at 12 months old. The growth of weight and length of intervention group were higher than those of control group. The difference was statistically significant ( t=4.467, 9.602, P < 0.05). The development quotient was also assessed, the big activity sport, fine motor, adaptability, social behavior, development quotient of intervention group were (96.40±7.83) points, (95.45± 7.87) points, (98.33±10.87) points, (105.65±7.51) points, (101.45±7.36) points, and the control group were (92.53±6.57) points, (89.27±8.02) points, (94.26±9.88) points, (100.31±8.13) points, (95.65±6.93) points. The difference was statistically significant (t=2.628-5.443, P < 0.05). Conclusions Application of integrated early childhood development in premature infants can find early neurodevelopmental deviations of children and contribute to early intervention on premature infants. Using a combination of family and outpatient intervention may reduce the incidence of neurological abnormalities, improve the level of development of the intelligence assessment and promote premature infant intelligence, motor development and social adaptation ability.
  • 摘要：Objective To build occupational management skills training mode for the community patients with psychosis in recovery stage by using action research method. Methods Action research method was applied to mental rehabilitation patients in Sunshine Psychiatric Garden of Shanghai to manage vocational rehabilitation support. By literature verification and empirical experience, the key problems were found out, and goals were established. Then management skills according to planning, action, observation, reflection and correction were implemented. This circle were spiraled for 2-3 times stages, and verification and evaluation before and after action practice based on Negative Symptom Rating scale (SANS) and Social Disability Screening Scale (SDSS). Results The community mental vocational rehabilitation was built with action research and based on the evidence of foreign psychic rehabilitation supportive individual placement and support. The mode should consider the professional characteristics of technical, social and economic. Also, it should contain professional ability, social skills and job adaptability training and performance evaluation, and offer salary allowance. The factors of SANS in 21 patients after practice were significantly improved (P < 0.01), and most of the factors in the SDSS were significantly improved (P < 0.01). Conclusions Community psychic vocational rehabilitation using action research method is a kind of advanced nursing practice, and also a process of evidence-based practice, which can provide a systematic, specific, practical work method for community mental rehabilitation institutions to force vocational rehabilitation training.%目的：应用行动研究法构建社区精神康复患者职业管理技能训练模式。方法应用行动研究法对上海市龙华街道阳光心园精神康复患者进行职业管理技能训练，通过文献查证及实证经验识别问题后确立目标，按计划、行动、观察、反思、修正计划实施管理技能实践，如此螺旋式循环2～3个阶段，行动实践前后以阴性症状评定量表（SANS）及社会功能缺陷筛选量表（SDSS）进行验证及评价。结果以行动研究构建的社区精神职业康复通过循证于国外的支持性就业模式，应考虑到技术性、社会性、经济性的职业特点，包含职业能力、社交技能、工作适应能力训练及绩效考核评价，并给予薪资补贴。21例患者实践后SANS各因子均有明显改善（P＜0.01），SDSS大部分因子有明显改善（P＜0.01）。结论以行动研究法进行社区精神职业康复是一种高级护理实践，也是一种循证实践的过程，能为社区精神康复机构进行职业康复训练提供一种系统、规范、实用的工作方法。
  • 摘要：This paper introduced the definition of case management, the application of case management model in China and abroad, analyzed the necessity of the implementation of colostomy case management in the field of patients with colostomy, and then discussed the challenges and solving strategies in the delivery of colostomy case management in China in order to provide a theoretical basis for the establishment and promotion of colostomy case management model.%通过介绍个案管理的定义、个案管理在国内外的应用现状、分析我国造口患者实施个案管理的必要性，探讨造口个案管理模式在我国实施的挑战，并提出相应的解决策略，为造口个案管理模式的建立和推广提供理论依据。
  • 摘要：目的：探讨短程表达书写对医护人员遭受工作场所暴力后的心理应激反应的影响。方法对70名经历工作场所暴力的医护人员按随机数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组各35名。观察组实施短程表达书写干预，30～45 min/d，持续4周，主题分别是披露感受与想法、情绪宣泄和资源审视，对照组不采取任何措施。在干预前、干预结束时、干预后3个月时采用事件影响量表（IES-R）及简明心境量表（POMS）评估干预效果。结果干预前，2组基线资料比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。干预结束时，IES-R方面，观察组不论在总减分值[-4.96（3.72）]还是闯入性[-1.62（1.48）]、回避性[-1.96（2.70）]、高警觉因子减分值[-1.52（2.63）]得分分别与对照组[-1.02（3.56）、-0.58（1.86）、-0.19（1.79）、-0.72（2.06）]比较差异均有统计学意义（Z=-5.410、-2.706、-7.230、-6.373，P＜0.01），观察组高于对照组。POMS方面，观察组在总减分值[-2.82（19.42）]及紧张焦虑[-1.86（3.60）]、抑郁沮丧因子减分值[-1.16（6.54）]得分与对照组[-0.42（14.06）、0.39（3.42）、0.14（4.33）]比较差异均有统计学意义（Z=-3.910、4.186、3.306，P＜0.01），观察组高于对照组。在干预后3个月时上述因子减分值比较观察组仍高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（Z=-9.374～-1.009，P＜0.01或0.05）。结论短程表达书写对医护人员遭受工作场所暴力后心理应激反应具有明显干预效果，且具有长效影响。
  • 摘要：目的：研究肝移植受者照顾者生命质量量表在评定肝移植受者照顾者生命质量中的信效度。方法将中文简体版癌症患者照顾者生命质量量表经过肝移植专家、肝移植护理专家、护理教育专家的咨询与讨论，了解肝移植受者照顾者的照顾特点，最终形成适用于肝移植受者照顾者的生命质量量表并对225名肝移植受者照顾者进行调查，以评价量表的信效度。结果中文版肝移植受者照顾者生命质量量表共有30个条目，其Cronbachα系数为0.830。Guttman折半系数为0.802～0.896，因子分析得出6个公因子，累计方差贡献率为59.74％。结论肝移植受者照顾者生命质量量表具有良好的信效度，可用于测量肝移植受者照顾者的生命质量。%Objective To analyze reliability and validity of the Caregiver Quality of Life of Index-Liver Transplant Recipients. Methods By liver transplant expert, liver transplantation nursing experts and nursing education experts consultation and discussion, acknowledgement the characteristics of liver transplant recipients′ caregivers and ultimately the formation of the Caregiver Quality of Life of Index-Liver Transplant Recipients (CQOL-LTR). A total of 225 caregivers for liver transplant recipients′ were investigated with the CQOL-LTR to analyze its reliability and validity. Results The Chinese version CQOL-LTR had 30 items, seven factors were extracted from the 30-item scale by using exploratory factor analysis, accounting for 59.74%of the explainable variance, and its general Cronbach αcoefficient was 0.830,and the Guttman split half coefficient was between 0.802 and 0.896. Conclusions The Chinese CQOL-LTR has satisfactory reliability and validity,which could be used to measure the quality of life in liver transplant recipients′ caregivers .
  • 摘要：Objective To discuss the inhibiting effects of cognitive intervention to treatment of emergence agitation in preschool children subject to sevoflurane general anesthesia. Methods 100 preschool children were divided into experimental group (n=52) and control group (n=48) with the methods of random number table. Take effective preoperative cognitive intervention and other regular general anesthesia operating nursing to patients and parents by anesthesiologists, surgeons and assistant nurse in experimental group. Take regular general anesthesia operating nursing to patients and parents by anesthesiologists, surgeons and assistant nurse in control group. Observe and compare the Pediatric anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale (PAED) score, incidence rate of emergence agitation and duration of emergence agitation of the two groups. Results The PAED scores and duration in the recovery period in experimental group were (10.27±5.11) points and (9.57±2.46) min while control group were (13.17±4.55) points and (12.68 ± 4.01) min (F=2.453, 1.980, P<0.01 or 0.05). Number of dysphonia during recovery period and hypersomnia in experimental group were 21 cases and 14 cases while control group were 34 cases and 6 cases(χ2=9.530, 3.245, P<0.01 or 0.05). Nausea and vomiting in experimental group were 2 cases and control group were 4 cases (χ2=0.891, P=0.345). Conclusions Taking effective preoperative cognitive intervention to patients has inhibiting effects on treating emergence agitation in children subject to sevoflurane general anesthesia.%目的：探讨认知干预对门诊七氟烷吸入全身麻醉的学龄前儿童苏醒期躁动的抑制作用。方法将100例学龄前患儿采用随机数字表法将其分为试验组52例和对照组48例。试验组采用麻醉医生、手术医生、四手护士对患儿及家长进行术前有效认知干预及其他常规全身麻醉手术护理。对照组采用麻醉医生、手术医生、四手护士对患儿及家长进行常规的全身麻醉手术护理。观察比较2组患儿应用全身麻醉苏醒期躁动评分量表（PAED）的评分、苏醒期躁动发生率、苏醒期躁动的持续时间。结果 PAED评分、苏醒期躁动的持续时间试验组分别为（10.27±5.11）分和（9.57±2.46）min，对照组分别为（13.17±4.55）分和（12.68±4.01）min，差异有统计学意义（F=2.453、1.980，P＜0.01或0.05），苏醒期发生躁动、嗜睡试验组分别为21例、14例，对照组分别为34例、6例，差异有统计学意义（χ2=9.530、3.245，P＜0.01或0.05），恶心、呕吐试验组为2例，对照组为4例，差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.891，P=0.345）。结论通过术前有效的认知干预，对门诊学龄前患儿七氟烷全身麻醉苏醒期躁动起到了抑制作用。

    中国实用护理杂志的期刊信息

    • 曾用名：中国实用护理;实用护理杂志
    • 创刊时间：1985
    • 地区：CN
    • 语言：中文
    • 热门主题：中华医学会;大连理论医学研究所
    • 学科分类：

    中国实用护理杂志的获奖情况

    • • 曾获辽宁省一级期刊
    • • 《CAJ-CD规范》执行优秀奖
    • • 卫生部首届医药卫生优秀期刊三等奖
    • • 中华医学会优秀期刊三等奖等众多奖项

    中国实用护理杂志的收录情况

    • • 北大核心期刊（2008版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2011版）
    • • 日本科学技术振兴机构数据库
    • • 中国科技核心期刊

    中国实用护理杂志的投稿信息

    • 投稿方式：在线投稿
    • 投稿须知：点击查看
    • 期刊官方网站：点击前往
    • 通讯地址：大连市南石道街丙寅巷3号
    • 邮编：116013
    • 联系电话：0411-82490723 82499048
    • 邮箱：cjpn@cmaph.org
    • 期刊栏目：专家论坛；论著；临床护理（内科护理；外科护理；妇产科护理；儿科护理；五官科护理；基础护理；精神科护理；肿瘤科护理；影像科护理；传染科护理；药械护理；急危重症护理；辨证施护；个案护理；医院感染控制；健康教育；社区护理；护理管理；人文护理；护理教育；专利之窗）；综述等。
    免费订阅本刊

    客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

    京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有 出版物经营许可证

    • 客服微信

    • 服务号