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中国医学科学杂志（英文版）

中国医学科学杂志（英文版）

Chinese Medical Sciences Journal
本刊系卫生部主管、中国医学科学院&中国协和医科大学主办、国内外公开发行的高级综合性医学学术性期刊，1986年创刊。本刊旨在向国外介绍中国在医学科学方面所取得的成果（包括基础医学及临床医学），以促进国际间的学术交流。本刊设有述评、论著、综述、短篇报道、研究简讯、会议报道等栏目。编委会由国内著名的医学研究所及大学的四十余名专家组成，另外尚有17名国际编委。本刊在国际国内医学界均享有一定声誉，已被下列国内外权威性检索系统及其数据库收录：美国生物医学文献联机数据库（MEDLINE/PubMed）及其《医学索引》（IM）；荷兰《医学文摘》（EMBASE）；美国生物学文摘数据库及其《生物学文摘》（BA）；美国化学文摘数据库及其《化学文摘》（CA）；俄罗斯《文摘杂志》（РЖ）；中国科学引文数据库；中国科技期刊论文与引文数据库；中国科技论文统计源期刊（中国科技核心期刊）；万方数据资源系统数字化期刊群；中国生物医学文献光盘数据库；中国学术期刊综合评价数据库。
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  • 主管单位：卫生部
    主办单位：中国医学科学院；中国协和医科大学
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中国医学科学杂志（英文版） >2023年第3期

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  • 摘要：@@ Previous studies have yielded valuable data onthe effects of sulfhydryl compounds in pancreatic tis-sues, and we had confined the cytoprotection effectsof exogenous sulfhydryl compounds on pancreaticcells.
  • 摘要：Objectives. To observe if lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) can influence nuclear nucleoside triphos-rnphatase (NTPase) activity of isolated hepatocyte from rat, and to investigate the possible mechanisms byrnwhich LPA affects the NTPase. Method. Isolated and cultured hepatocytes from rat liver were exposed to LPA (1×10-9, l×10-8 and 5xl0-8mol/L) with or without inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen activating protein kinasernkinase (MAPKK), and the NTPase activity on nuclear envelope was assayed using ATP and GTP as substrate, respectively.rn Results. Nuclear NTPase activity of rat hepatocytes was potently stimulated by incubation of hepato-cytes with LPA in concentration- and time-dependent manners. In hepatocytes incubated with LPA, nuclear NTPase activity was significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.01). In hepatocytes preincu-bated with PKC inhibitor H-7 or MAPKK inhibitor PD98059, LPA-stimulated activation of nuclear NT-Pase was obviously attenuated. In addition, direct incubation of isolated hepatic nuclei with LPA had no effect on nuclear NTPase activity. Concluion. LPA is involved in modulating nuclear NTPase activity in hepatocytes. The stimulatingeffect of LPA on the nuclear NTPase is mediated at least partly by PKC and MAPK-dependent pathway.
  • 摘要：Objective. To investigate the distribution frequency of parathyroid hormone(PTH) gene polymorphism in healthy adults from Bejing area and to explore the association of PTH genotypes with bone mineral density (BMD). Methods. PTH gene polymorphism was detected in 270 subjects by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP). The digestion products of restriction enzyme Bst B1 were separated on 1% agarose gels. PTH genotypes were confirmed by DNA sequences analysis. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA, DPX- L, Lunar). Results. Genotype frequencies of BB, Bb, bb were 73.7% , 25.9% and 0.4% respectively in Beijing adults( P<0.01 ), 67.1%, 32.2% and 0.7% in postmenopausal women, which was different from Japanese women. We statistically compared bone mineral density at the lumbar 2 -4 and proximal femur between BB and Bb genotypes. No obvious association was found between the BMD and PTH genotypes in Beijing women( P>0.05). Conclusion. PTH gene polymorphism is not associated with BMD in Chinese women. The further research to explore the genetic risk factors of osteoporosis should be committed.
  • 摘要：Objective. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α -308 genernpolymorphism might be of the genetic predisposition to asthma and asthma phenotypes. Methods. TNFot -308 gene polymorphism was genotyped in 221 random unrelated Northern Chinese population (comprising 125 asthmatics and 96 healthy controls) and 52 individuals from 12 asthmatic families with Han ethnic by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restrietion fragment length polymor-phism (RFLP). Methaeholine (Meh) broncho-challenge test, bronchial reversibility test and lung functionrnwere underwent in all asthmatics. Results. TNFα-308*2 homozygosity was present at a significantly higher frequency in asthmatics than that in controls (20.8% vs 11.4%, P
  • 摘要：@@ Five pregnant patients were given laparoscopicsurgery in PUMCH in recent two years. All the pa-tients have the indications for operation. The age ofthe patients was 25 to 33 years old. The operationwas done in the first and second trimester. The dura-tion of the operation was about 30 mins with no ma-nipulation of the cervix.
  • 摘要：Objective. To investigate PTEN expression and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of its epigenetic microsatel-rnlites in gastric carcinoma and explore their roles in tumorigenesis and progression of gastric carcinoma.rn Methods. LOH of epigenetic microsatellites of PTEN (D10S541, D10S583 and D10S1687) was examined in advanced gastric carcinomas (n=56) by PCR-SSCP. The Mrna and protein expressions of PTEN gene were evaluated in normal mucosa (n=56), early (n=ll) and advanced carcinomas (n=56) of the stomach using RT-PCR and immunohistochemoistry respectively. PTEN Mrna and protein expressions were compared with clinicopathological staging and lymph node metastasis of tumors. The relationship between PTEN Mrna expression and LOH of microsatellites was discussed, as well as relationship between PTEN Mrna and protein expression. Results. LOH of D10S541, D10S583 and D10S1687 was found in 28.6%(16/56) of advanced gastric carcinomas. The positive rates of PTEN expression were 80.4%(45/56), 45.5%(5/11) and 32.1% (18/56) in normal gastric mucosa, early and advanced gastric carcinomas at Mrna level, while 78.6% (44/56), 36.4%(4/11) and 28.6%(16/56) at protein level. PTEN Mrna and protein were less frequently expressed in early and advanced gastric carcinomas than normal gastric mucosa (P<0.05). Therernwas negative correlation between PTEN Mrna expression and LOH of microsatellites (P<0.05). PTEN protein expression paralleled to its Mrna expression (P<0.05). The PTEN Mrna and protein expressions were negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis of advanced gastric carcinomas (P<0.05). Conclusion. Down-regulated expression of PTEN and frequent LOH of its epigenetic microsatellites might play an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. Reduced PTEN Mrna expression was closely associated with LOH of its epigenetic microsatellites. Altered expression of PTEN might contribute to lymphnode metastasis of gastric carcinoma by decreasing cell adhesion and apoptosis, increasing angiogenesis and cell mobility.
  • 摘要：无
  • 摘要：Objective. To study the change of taurine transport, and taurine transporter (TAUT) and cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase (CSD) Mrna contents in hypertension and hypertensive cardiomegaly. Methods. Taurine content was determined with a amino acid analyser. Taurine uptakes were determined by (H)-taurine incubation. The content of TAUT and CSD Mrna levels were measured by competitive quantitative RT-PCR in myocardial and vascular tissues of L-Nω-nitro-arginine (L-NNA)-in-duced hypertensive rats. Results. After the treatment of rats with L-NNA for 28 days, myocardial and vascular taurine contents decreased by 11% and 15% (P<0.05), respectively, and plasma taurine level increased by 13%(P<0.05). Myocardil and vascular Vmax of taurine uptake reduced by 30% and 19% (P<0.05), respec-tively. Their Km of taurine uptake increased by 36% and 17% (P<0.05). Myocardial and vascular TAUT Mrna content decreased by 22% and 19% (P<0.05), respectively, but CSD Mrna content increased by 22% (P<0.05)and 30% (P<0.01), respectively. Conclusions. This study suggests that there is a decreased taurine content in myocardial and vascular tissues of L-NNA-induced hypertension rats. The decreased taurine content may result from the decreased number of TAUT on the cell membrane mainly due to the down-regulation of TAUT gene and TAUT affinity eansed by hypertension and hypertensive cardiomegaly.
  • 摘要：Objective. To evaluate the clinical utility of a new non-invasive enzyme immunoassay(EIA) for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection. Methods. Stool specimens of 63 patients were collected and tested by using a commercial kit for detecting Helicobacter pylori stool antigen (HpSA), of which 61 patients also underwent 13C-Urea breath test (13C-UBT). The tissue samples of 31 patients were obtained endoscopically and were examined with histologic technique (Warthin-Starry silver stain).Regarded 13C-UBT as a golden standard, HpSA test and histologic techniques were evaluated. Using this method,we also investigated the positive rate of H.Pylori infection in children in Beijing.Results.The sensitivity and specificity of HpSA test were 94.7% and 95.1% respectively; the positive and negative predictive values were 97.3% and 91.7% respectively; and the accuracy was 95.1%.The results showed the prevalence of H.pylori infection was 26.0% in children (3～18 years) of district of Xicheng in Beijing. After treatment, HpSA seems to disappear rapidly(3～5 days) from the feces. Conclusion. The detection of HpSA in stool samples by HpSA test is a rapid noninvasive test for detecting H.pylori infection, and has both high sensitivity and high specificity. It is suitable for screening and diagnosis of H.pylori infection, monitoring the treatment efficacy in routine in all hospitals.
  • 摘要：Purpose. To evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of adrenal incidentalomas. Methods. One hundred and twenty-six patients with incidentalomas were analyzed, among them 98 underwent operation. Results. Eighty-eight of the adrenal incidentalomas were discovered by ultrasound. Of all the types of adrenal incidentalomas, 52 (41.3%) of them were adenomas; 43 (34.1%) were hypersecretory adrenal tumors, including 29 pheochromocytomas, 9 primary aldosteronisms, 1 adrenogenitol syndrome combined with adrenal adenoma, 2 Cushing's syndrome combined with adenomas and 2 Cushing's syndrome combined with nodular hyperplasias. All nonhypersecretory adrenal adenomas were under 6 cm, and all adrenal carcinomas were above 6 cm.Conclusions. To search for hypersecretory adrenal tumors and to detect malignant adrenal tumors are quite essential in the process of diagnosing adrenal incidentalomas. For nonhypersecretory adrenal adenomas, the size of tumor is the most important index in determining whether the tumor is benign or malignant and whether the tumor needs to be treated with operation.
  • 摘要：Objective. To introduce the properties of Chinese type A botulinum toxin (CBTXA, made by Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products), and its long-term effect for focal dystonia and hemifacial spasm. Method. The purity and recovery of crude and crystalline toxin were tested. Long-term data from 305 patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS), blepharospasm (BS) and cervical dystonia (CD) were evaluated and subgroups of patients received CBTXA injections between 1994 and 2000 in at least six separate treatment sessions, with follow up for 2-8 years. The therapeutic results of the last session CBTXA injections were analyzed in comparison with the first session. Result. CBTXA purity was high[(2.55～2.60)×107D50/mgPr, A260/A280 ≤0.55, high molecular substance accounted for 99.2% of total proteins]. Long term treatment with CBTXA in patients with focal dystonia and HFS was not associated with any decline in benefit, and efficacy may improve slightly with repeat treatments. CBTXA is an excellent long-term treatment of HFS, BS and CD. Conchusion. We conclude that Chinese type A botulinum toxin is of botulinum toxin therapy quality standard according to results obtained from the basic study and long-term clinical applications. The reinjection of CBTXA significantly improves the quality of life of most patients and is a safe, effective and comparatively economical treatment for patients with focal dystonia and HFS.
  • 摘要：Objective. To investigate the protective effects of melatonin (MT) on cardiomyocytes against the oxidative injury induced by H202. Methods. Ventricular myocytes were isolated from neonatal rats and cultured for 3-5 days. Cells were divided into 4 groups: control group, H202(100μmol/L H202) group, MT group(100μmol/L MT) and　MT preconditioning group (100μmol/L MT+10Oμmol/L H2O2). The fluorescent probe, DCFH-DA, was used to detect intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and another fluorescent probe, Fluo-3-AM, was used to detect [Ca2=]I by using a laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM). The malondi-aldehyde (MDA) content in cardiomyocytes was determined by measuring thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances to monitor lipid peroxidation. The activity of cytoplasmic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) that was released into the culture media was assayed to indicate alternation in the integrity of the cellular membrane. Trypan blue exclusion was used to detect the cell viability. Results. Compared with the control group, intracellular ROS, [Ca2=]I, MDA content, LDH leakage and cell death were significantly elevated when cells were treated by 100μmol/L H2O2 for 60 minutes (P<0.01). However, those changes were significantly attenuated in MT preconditioning group. Conclusiorn MT has very good antioxidant effect and can protect the cardiomyocytes against H2O2-induced injury.
  • 摘要：Objective. To identify a subset of breast cancer patients in whom metastatic disease is confined on-rnly to the sentinel lymph node(SLn). Methods. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is performed with the injecetion of Tc99m-SC, and a gamma probe. Sentinel node biopsy was compared with standard axillary dissection for its ability to reflect the final pathological status of the axillary nodes. The factors associated with non-SLN metastases were assessed in the univariate and multivariate analysis. Result. We successfully identified 91 out of 95 patients for SLN(95.8%). The accuracy of sentinel lymph node to predict the axillary lymph node status was 93.4%. Clinical tumor size and tumor grade were proved to be the independent predictive factors for non-SLN metastases by logistic regression model. Conclusio.In most cases, the gamma probe guided method is technically feasible for detecting sentinel nodes, accurately predicting the axillary lymph node status. A subset of the patients identified who have a low risk of non-SLN metastases may not require axillary lymph node dissection.
  • 摘要：Objective. To study the exact effects and characteristics of a constitutively active myosin light chainrnkinase fragment (MLCKF) on Ca2+-CaM dependent phosphorylation of myosin light chains (CDPM) of smooth muscle.rn Methods. Proteolysis of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) by trypsin was used to obtain the constitutively active fragment of MLCK; Western blot was applied to demonstrate the homogeneity of typsin-digested MLCK fragments and intact MLCK. The phosphorylation of myosin light chains was detected using SDS-PAGE and Scoin Image Software, and myosin Mg2+-ATPase activities were measured using spectrophotometry to observe the characteristics of MLCKF in phosphorylating myosin light chains and stimulating myosin Mg2+-ATPase activities compared with intact MLCK. Results. Our assay demonstrated that MLCKF had a specific activity on CDPM. We also found that the extent of CDPM by MLCKF was greater than that by intact MLCK at different concentrations, different incubation time and different incubation temperatures. CDPM by MLCKF was also less influenced by the change of ionic strength of KC1 than CDPM by intact MLCK. Mg2+--ATPase activities of phosphorylat-rned myosin light chains by MLCKF were higher than those by MLCK at different concentrations and different reaction time. These differences were statistically significant (**P<0.01, *P<0.05). Conclusion. MLCKF not only possessed a specific activity on CDPM but also was more efficient than MLCK in phosphorylating myosin light chains and stimulating myosin Mg2*-ATPase activities. Our results suggested that MLCKF possibly plays a certain role in smooth muscle contraction-relaxation cycle.
  • 摘要：Object. To study the clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, surgical management, and prognosisrnof various neurogenic mediastinal tumors. Method. One hundred and ten cases of neurogenic tumors of mediastinum were reviewed and retro-spectively analyzed. Results. Operative or hospitalization death happened in 2 cases, complications occurred in 8 cases,mostly were Homer's syndrome or recurrent nerve paralysis. During the follow-up, there were 2 recurrences in 102 benign tumors, and 4 cases of neurofibrosarcoma or malignant neurilemmoma died within 3 years postoperatively.Conclucioon Most mediastinal neurogenic tumors are benign. It is enough to establish diagnosis by chest X-ray and CT scan. There are different features in the clinical manifestations, diagnosing methods,and surgical management for the dumbbell tumors. Minimal invasive surgery and video-assisted thoracoscopy surgery (VATS) have a special value in treatment of the selected neurogenic mediastinal tumors.Benign neurogenic tumors rarely recur after complete resection, whereas malignant neurogenic tumors have poor prognosis.
  • 摘要：Objective.To clone and identify the gene encoding human ubiquitin binding enzyme 2 and study its expression pattern. Methods.According to the sequence of human EST,which is highly homologous to the mouse ubiquitin binding/conjugating enzyme (E2),primers were synthesized to screen the human fetal brain cDNA library.The gene was analyzed by bioinformatics technique and its expression pattern was studied by using multiple tissue Northern blot. Results.Two cDNA clones encoding human ubiquitin conjugating enzyme have been isolated and identified.Both containing the ubiquitin conjugating domain,the 2 cDNA clones are 88% identical in amino acid sequences and splicing isoforms to each other only with an exon excised to form the short sequence.They belong to a highly conserved and widely expressed E2 enzyme family.Northern blot shows that they are expressed exclusively in adult human heart,placenta,and pancreas but no transcripts can be detected in brain,lung,liver,skeletal muscle or kidney.Conclusions.The gene encoding human ubiquitin binding enzyme is expressed under temporal control.As a key enzyme in the degradation of proteins,ubiquitin conjugating enzymes play a central role in the expression regulation on the level of post translation.
  • 摘要：Objective.Electrolytic detachable coils (EDC) have been the main embolic materials for intracranial aneurysms.Liquid aneurysmal embolic materials represented by cellulose acetate polymer (CAP) are still in controversy.In this research,the embolization results and pathological reactions after embolization of canine aneurysmal models with EDC or CAP were observed and compared. Methods.The canine aneurysmal models constructed by anastomosis of venous pouches were randomly grouped.The aneurysms were respectively occluded with CAP and electrolytic detachable coils that was named by Wu electrolytic detachable coil (WEDC) and made by us.Angiogram follow ups were performed at 24 hour,2 week,and 2 month after embolization.The occluded aneurysms were dissected in each stage for light microscopic,electron microscopic,and histochemical research. Results.The effect of embolization was significantly better with WEDC than that with CAP ( χ 2=5.56,P< 0.05) .Post embolized complications such as aneurysm rupture and stenosis of parent arteries could only be found in CAP group.Pathological research showed that CAP mass could packed the aneurysms more densely than coils.Acute chemical damage of aneurysmal wall and inflammatory cell infiltration was prominently found in early stage after CAP embolization.Organization of thrombus inside aneurysms and formation of endothelial tissue over the orifices of aneurysmal necks could be found in both groups 2 months after embolization.But parts of coils might be exposed outside endothelial layer. Conclusions.EDC are still the most safe,efficient,and reliable instruments to embolize aneurysm.CAP should be improved further to solve the problem of strong chemical corrosion and difficulty in control before it is widely used.
  • 摘要：Objective.To explore the association between the abnormal phosphorylation sites found in Alzheimer disease (AD) τ and the inhibition of its biological activity. Methods.Ultracentrifugation,chromatography,manual Edman degradation and autosequence techniques were used to prepare and phosphorylate human recombinant τ ,isolate and purify 32P τ peptides and determine phosphorylation sites. Results.Phosphorylation of τ by casein kinase 1 (CK 1),cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase (PKA) and glycogen synthetase kinase 3 (GSK 3) separately inhibited its biological activity and the inhibition of this activity by GSK 3 was significantly increased if τ was prephosphorylated by CK 1 or PKA.The most potent inhibition was seen by a combined phosphorylation of τ with PKA and GSK 3.The treatment of τ by PKA and GSK 3 combination induced phosphorylation of τ at Ser 195,Ser 198,Ser 199,Ser 202,Thr 205,Thr 231,Ser 235,Ser 262,Ser 356,Ser 404,whereas Thr 181,Ser 184,Ser 262,Ser 356 and Ser 400 were phosphorylated by GSK 3 alone under the same condition. Conclusion.Phosphorylation of τ by PKA plus GSK 3 at Thr 205 might play a key role in τ pathology in AD.
  • 摘要：Objective.To illuminate the regulating effect of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) and connexin 43 (Cx43) gene expression in glioma cells,which is tissue and organ specific. Method.Rat C6 glioma cells were exposed to ATRA at a concentration of 1,10,100 μ mol/L respectively,and the GJIC function of the cells was examined with scrape loading dye transfer assay 24 hours,48 hours and 72 hours after ATRA treatment.The effect of ATRA on Cx43 gene expression was measured with semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) 24 hours after ATRA exposure. Results.The GJIC function of C6 glioma cells was significantly increased by ATRA at each concentration applied.The dye passed 4 to 5 rows of cells from the scraping edge in ATRA treated cells,but only 1 or 2 rows in the control.The augment effect was observed 24 hours after each concentration ATRA treatment,and lasted till 72 hours after treatment with 1μ mol/L and 10μ mol/L ATRA.Forty eight hours after exposed to 100μ mol/L ATRA,the enhancement of GJIC was less obvious.There was no significant increase induced by ATRA on the transcription of Cx43 gene,as demonstrated by semiquantitative RT PCR. Conclusion.ATRA turned out to be a potent enhancer on GJIC function in C6 glioma cells,and the enhancement effect was most probable at post transcriptional level.
  • 摘要：Objective.To examine the procoagulant effects of thrombolytic agent on hemostasis and study the role of hemostatic markers as predictors of clinical outcomes.Methods.In the present study,eighteen patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) received 1.5 or 2.0 million U nonspecific urokinase(UK),or 70～80 mg fibrin specific recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rt PA)and did not use heparin until 8 hours after intravenous injection of the above agents.Eight patients with AMI and without thrombolytic therapy were enrolled as controls.Coagulant and thrombolytic activity markers included thrombin antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT),D dimer,fibrinogen (Fg),FMPV/Amax.All markers were determined before,immediately,1,2,4 and 8 hours after the administration of thrombolytic agents respectively. Results.Molecular marker of thrombin generation- - TAT showed an activated coagulant state immediately after thrombolytic therapy.Level of TAT showed no significant changes between every two observed phases in controls.However,level of TAT increased significantly from 4.95± 1.75μ g/L ( 4.63± 1.37μ g/L) to 14.71± 3.31μ g/L ( 14.25± 2.53μ g/L) before and immediately after administration of thrombolytic agents UK(or rt PA).There was significant difference between level of serum TAT of patients with and without thrombolytic therapy (P< 0.05).Patients achieving clinical reperfusion had lower TAT level than those failing in thrombolytic therapy,and higher FMPV/Amax level than controls.D dimer,a surrogate of thrombolytic activity increased markedly and Fg significantly declined after thrombolytic therapy(P< 0.05). Conclusions.Thrombin generation occurred in plasma in response to excess fibrinolysis induced by thrombolytic therapy.Both urokinase and rt PA had procoagulant action.This transient activation of the coagulant system might contribute to early reocclusion.These data provided the theoretical support for simultaneous administration of anticoagulant therapy with thrombolytic agents.These results also suggested that TAT might be useful in predicting clinical outcomes of patients treated with thrombolytic therapy for AMI.
  • 摘要：Objective.To evaluate the results of the TRAFIX instrumentation in correcting scoliosis. Methods.Since October 1997,47 patients with scoliosis received spinal fixation with the TRAFIX instrumentation at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital.The average age was 14.3 years (range 10 to 38 years).There were 27 idiopathic cases,16 congenital cases,2 cases with Marfan syndrome and 2 with neurofibromatosis.Twelve of the 47 patients underwent anterior release,while 4 patients received the revision approach.The average follow up time was 26 months (13～38 months). Results.The measurements of primary coronal deformity before and after surgery were 74° (50°～115° ) and 38.7° (11°～95° ),respectively.The average curve correction was 54% .The average number of fused segments was 12.5 (7～17) vertebrae.The distance between the center of apex and the C7 plumb line was 56.8 mm before surgery (25～107mm) and 31 mm after surgery (10～87mm). Conclusion.The TRAFIX instrumentation provides three dimensional correction with refinement,convenience and reliable fixation.
  • 摘要：无
  • 摘要：Objective.To quantitatively analyze apoptotic and secondary necrotic cells under apoptosis conditions. Methods.The cells of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cell line Raji were incubated with 1.0 μ mol/L dexamethasone (DEX) for 2,4 and 8 h respectively,then stained with Annexin V FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated) which was used to detect the exposed phosphatidylserine (PS) on the epimembrane resulting from a loss of phospholipid asymmetry in the early stage of apoptosis,and also stained with propidium iodide (PI) which allows analysis of secondary necrotic cells related with cell membrane and DNA damage that probably represent late stage of apoptosis,then apoptotic cells were quantified by flow cytometry (FCM).Furthermore,Annexin+ /PI and Annexin+ /PI+ cells were sorted by fluoresence activated cell sorter (FACS),and identified by electron microscopy (EM) and DNA gel electrophoresis. Results.The percentage of apoptotic cells was found to increase with the incubation time (r=0.97).This method was sensitive with low detection limit (0.02% ),and was reproducible with low coefficient variance (CV)(4.2% ).Meanwhile,the Annexin+ /PI and Annexin+ /PI+ cells were identified as apoptotic and necrotic cells under EM,and DNA extracted from the Annexin+ /PI cells was characterized by " ladder pattern" . Conclusions.Annexin V assay is a specific,sensitive,accurate,reproductive and quantitative method for analyzing apoptotic cells.
  • 摘要：Objective.To investigate the effect of orthotopic liver transplantation on fulminant hepatitis B and the preventive efficiency of lamivudine on recurrence of hepatitis B in China. Patients and methods.Ten patients with fulminant hepatitis B received orthotopic liver transplantation under veno venous bypass.All patients had preoperatively serious jaundice,ascites and coagulopathy,and of whom 7 with encephalopathy,2 with acute renal failure,and 1 with gastro hemorrhage. Rusult.Seven of the 10 patients have survived for 3～18 months,but 3 died of multi organ failure or recurrence of fulminant hepatitis B.Seven survivors took lamivudine and 6 of them have survived for 3～18 months without the signs of recurrence of hepatitis B. Conclusion.Orthotopic liver transplantation is an effective therapy for fulminant hepatitis B,and lamivudine may prevent recurrence of hepatitis B after transplantation.
  • 摘要：无
  • 摘要：Objective.Searching for more potent and less toxic HMBA related agents. Methods.Human erythroleukemia cell K562,murine erythroleukemia cell (MEL) and its sub line MEL DS19 were used as target cells to select a cell line which is the most sensitive to HMBA,then analyzed the activity of inducing differentiation of two new designed HMBA derivatives:HMBPA [hexamethylenebi (3 pyridin) amide] and Co HDTA (ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid cobalt) using cell biology,cytochemical and molecular biology techniques. Results.We found that the MEL DS19 cells were most sensitive to HMBA (benzidine positive,B+ ～76% ).Co HDTA can inhibit the growth of MEL DS19,but induces differentiation just in a small population (B+ 2% ～4.5% ).Between 0.02～5μ mol/L,HMBPA induces 3% ～8% cells committed to differentiation with little inhibition of cell proliferation.1μ mol/L HMBPA and 2mmol/L HMBA together,can obviously increase the percentage of differentiated cell (B+ ～72% ),inhibit DNA synthesis and accelerate β globin transcription. Conclusion.The new HMBA derivatives may provide potential cancer differentiation inducers.
  • 摘要：Objective.To compare the clinical and pathological manifestations of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) directed against proteinase 3 (anti PR3) or myeloperoxidase (anti MPO). Methods.One hundred and forty patients with ANCA were detected for anti PR3 and anti MPO by ELISA.The clinical features at presentation,histopathological characteristics and outcome of all patients who were tested positive for anti PR3 or anti MPO were analysed. Results.In anti PR3 group (n=21),16 cases (76.2% ) had systemic vasculitis,in which Wegener's granulomatosis prevailed (13 cases,61.9% ).In anti MPO group (n=31),19 cases (61.3% ) were diagnosed as systemic vasculitis and 12 cases (38.7% ) as microscopic angiitis.For vasculitic patients with anti PR3 and anti MPO,the disease duration at diagnosis was 9.6± 2.0m and 4.4± 0.9m respectively,P< 0.05;vasculitis activity index (BVAS) and mean number of affected organ were 22.5± 2.1,5.0± 0.4 and 25.1± 1.7,4.8± 0.4 respectively,P >0.05;upper respiratory tract,eye and joint involvements were 11(68.8% ),7(43.8% ),11(68.8% ) and 7(36.8% ),2(10.5% ),5(26.3% ) respectively,P< 0.05.Although there was no statistical difference in renal involvement between these two groups,patients with serum creatine >500 μ mol/L were more commonly seen in anti MPO group than in anti PR3 group,which were 8(42.1% ) and 2(12.5% ) respectively,P< 0.05.Ten relapses were seen in anti PR3 group and only 2 in anti MPO group,but the acute mortality rate in anti MPO group (5/19,27.4% ) was much higher than that in anti PR3 group (1/16,6.3% ). Conclusions.Anti PR3 and anti MPO occurred mainly in systemic vasculitis.A large divergence was seen in the disease spectrum between patients with anti PR3 and those with anti MPO.In particular,upper respiratory tract,eye and joint involvements,granuloma formation and relapse were more prominent in anti PR3 patients.By contrast,the anti MPO patients had a more acute disease onset,more rapid progressive renal involvement and a higher acute mortality rate.
  • 摘要：Objective.To assess the role of hypertension and family history of hypertension in the development of nephropathy in patients with non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Methods.A retrospective analysis was done on 2 groups of NIDDM patients,one group without proteinuria (urine protein< 300mg/24h,n=106) and the other group with proteinuria (urine protein≥ 500mg/24h,n=106).The 2 groups were matched by age(≤± 3yrs),sex,ethnic and resident place.Some information of these subjects including demographic;history of disease,family history of diseases,lifestyle and behavior style variables was obtained by questionnaire;some variables were measured,including systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),fasting blood glucose (FBG),quantity of protein in 24h urine.Then conditional logistic regression analysis was performed. Results.Some factors,including history of hypertension,longer duration of hypertension,higher levels of the past highest SBP and DBP,were independently associated with the occurrence risk of diabetic nephropathy (DN).Their corresponding odd ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 2.00(1.17～3.43),1.25(1.08～1.46),1.38(1.15～1.66),and 1.33(1.09～1.62) respectively,but family history of hypertension was not significantly associated with the development of DN.When the above mentioned relations were respectively adjusted by some possible confounding factors,they still existed. Conclusions.History of hypertension,longer duration of hypertension,higher levels of the past highest SBP and DBP are independent risk factors for DN in Chinese NIDDM patients.
  • 摘要：@@ Compared with other surgical disciplines,burn surgery is a young one ,as 4 decades ago,the treatment of thermal injuries belonged to the realm of general surgery.Nevertheless,with the advancement of medical sciences in our country,we have reached global standards both in clinic and pertinent research in burn injuries.

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