摘要：市场经济是法制经济,这可以说在全社会已经取得了共识,是无可非议的.但我认为,市场经济首先应该是道德经济.法律和道德都是调节和约束人的行为的规范.所不同的是,法律是一种外在的,强制性的约束力,是一种硬约束.无论是谁,只要触犯了法律条文,就要受到法律的惩罚;道德则是一种内在的自我约束力,是靠人们的自觉意识,约束自己的行为.所以法律给予人们的是敬畏、惧怕,道德则使人产生道德行为规范的自觉.孔子说:"道之以政,齐之以刑,民免而无耻;道之以德,齐之以礼,有耻且格."就是说刑罚只能使人避免犯罪,不能使人懂得犯罪可耻的道理,而道德教化不但使人不去犯罪,而且使人有知耻之心.一般说来,一个有道德的人不会犯法,而一个不犯法的人却不一定有道德.因而就规范人们的思想行为来看,道德可以说是更带根本性的方面.这就是我为什么把市场经济首先认为是道德经济的原因所在.It is now a common understanding that the market economy is sub - jected to the law.But I think the virtues are more important than virtues in the market economy.Both laws and virtues are to adjust and control people＇s behaviors.The laws are a kind of exterior enforced power,which is hard and strong.Whoever breaks the law should be punished by the laws.However,the virtues are interior power to control words and behaviors.The laws are fearful and scared,but the virtues are soft and natural.
