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Evaluation of Loads and Sources of Heavy Metals in Tama River, Tokyo

机译:东京多摩河的重金属负荷和来源评估

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The loads and sources of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in the midstream of Tama River were evaluated on the basis of their chemical analyses in ordinary and stormwater runoff from July 2007 to November 2008. Tama River is one of the three major rivers flowing into Tokyo Bay. The total annual water discharges differed largely for 2007 and 2008, depending on the scales of typhoon rainfalls and other heavy rainfalls in each year. The concentrations of the metals other than Mo in the river did not change markedly at a flow rate of less than approximately 200 m3 s−1, but at higher flow rates, the concentrations of all the metals increased linearly with the increase in the log of flow rate (r 2 = 0.94–0.99). The annual loads of heavy metals for 2007 and 2008 were estimated using regression equations between the above parameters and the hourly flow rate data for each year. For the metals other than Mo, the contribution of the loads at higher flow rates (>200 m3 s−1) was much larger than that at lower flow rates (<200 m3 s−1), showing the importance of the particulate loads (primarily crustal materials) during storm runoff following typhoon rainfalls and other heavy rainfalls. In contrast, the loads of Mo at lower flow rates accounted for major portions (56–78%) of the total loads, because of a relatively small contribution of particulate load during storm runoff. The contribution of the loads of Mo, Zn, Cd, Cu, and Ni at lower flow rates to the annual loads was larger than that of other metals. It was found that the concentrations of these metals in ordinary runoff are strongly affected by the discharge of treated water from sewage treatment plants which are located along the catchment. Thus, treated water from sewage treatment plants may be the primary source contributing to the present pollution of Mo, Zn, Cd, Cu, and Ni in Tokyo Bay.
机译:根据2007年7月以来普通和雨水径流的化学分析,评估了多摩河中游重金属(Cd,Co,Cu,Mn,Mo,Ni,Pb,V和Zn)的负荷和来源。至2008年11月。多摩河是流入东京湾的三大河流之一。 2007年和2008年的年度总排水量差异很大,这取决于每年的台风降雨量和其他强降雨。在小于约200 m 3 s -1 的流量下,河流中Mo以外的其他金属的浓度没有明显变化,但在较高流量下,所有金属的浓度随流量对数的增加而线性增加(r 2 = 0.94–0.99)。使用上述参数与每年的每小时流量数据之间的回归方程式估算了2007年和2008年的重金属年负荷。对于Mo以外的其他金属,较高流量(> 200 m 3 s -1 )下的载荷贡献要比较低流量( 200 m 3 s −1 ),显示了在台风降雨和其他强降雨之后的暴雨径流中,颗粒负荷(主要是地壳物质)的重要性。相比之下,由于风暴径流中颗粒负荷的贡献相对较小,因此较低流量下的Mo负荷占总负荷的主要部分(56-78%)。 Mo,Zn,Cd,Cu和Ni的负载在较低流量下对年负载的贡献大于其他金属。人们发现,在普通径流中这些金属的浓度受到集水区沿线污水处理厂污水排放的强烈影响。因此,来自污水处理厂的处理水可能是造成东京湾目前Mo,Zn,Cd,Cu和Ni污染的主要来源。

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