真空と環境触媒

摘要

環境問題の本質が，人類文明の進歩に伴う物質のもつ自由rnエネルギーの解放と地球系のエントロピーの増大にあるとすrnると，持続可能な進歩のためには，物質のもつ自由エネルrnギーを有効な仕事に変化させ，ほしいものだけをほしいだけrn作り，廃棄物を処理することにある．この意味で，触媒は物rn質の効率変化や処理に重要な役割を果たし，持続可能社会のrn実現のためのキーテクノロジーといえる．したがって，環境rn触媒は以下の3種類に分類される．%The catalyst is a key technology for the realization of the sustainable society. The mechanism of heterogeneous catalyst is now being established based on the surface science approach which is supported by the ultrahigh vacuum techniques. Recently ambient pressure techniques are developing. The surface reaction can be now understood based on the machinery concepts of molcules and atoms. Spatiotemporal behavior of the surface atoms and molecules are revealed and what force works between the reactants. In the near future, the surface reaction can be controlled by physical means.