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FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF VARICES IN THE MURICID GASTROPOD CERATOSTOMA FOLIATUM

机译:沙门氏菌胃溃疡变种的功能意义

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摘要

Functional significance of varices in the muricid gastropod Ceratostoma foliatum was investigated from the standpoints of (1) frequency of landing in the two upside-down orientations after short vertical falls of less than five body lengths through seawater and energy costs of righting from these upside-down positions, and (2) scaling relationships of varix areas with other body dimensions. Field manipulations showed that C. foliatum occupied habitats that mostly permit short falls of less than five body lengths upon dislodgment, as might occur during predation by fish. After short vertical falls in the laboratory, animals landed 48% of the time on their aperture sides(upright), 15% on their right sides (on right and middle varices), and 37% on their left sides (on left and middle varices). These frequencies differed significantly from the expected frequencies calculated on the basis of the percentage circumference delineated by each varix pair (50%, 31%, and 19%, respectively). Righting from the right-side orientation was slower and four times more energetically costly than from the left-side orientation, underscoring the advantage conferred by animals, if not landing in the upright position after short falls, preferentially landing on their left sides. Removal of individual varices showed that the large, right varix is most influential in producing this ''destabiiization.'' Landings are biased to the side from which rightings are easiest due to a combination of the location of center of mass within the left side of the main body whorl and the broad right varix possibly acting as an upward-trailing vane.
机译:从(1)通过海水垂直跌落不到五倍的人体短时跌倒后在两个颠倒方向着陆的频率以及从这些颠倒中恢复过来的能源成本的观点,研究了鼠胃腹足纲叶状锯齿兽的静脉曲张的功能重要性。下位置,以及(2)静脉曲张面积与其他身体尺寸的比例关系。野外操作表明,叶状衣原体占据了栖息地,这些栖息地在流离失所时大多允许短短的跌倒,跌幅小于5体长,这可能是在鱼类捕食期间发生的。在实验室中发生短暂的垂直下落后,动物有48%的时间降落在其光圈侧(直立),15%的右侧(在右中静脉曲张)和37%的左侧(在左,中静脉曲张)降落)。这些频率与根据每个变量对描绘的圆周百分比计算出的预期频率有显着差异(分别为50%,31%和19%)。与从左侧方向进行扶正相比,从左侧方向进行扶正更慢,并且在能源方面的成本高出四倍,这突显了动物所赋予的优势,即使在短暂跌倒后未降落在直立位置,也优先降落在其左侧。去除个体静脉曲张表明,较大的右侧静脉曲张在产生这种“失稳定”方面最有影响力。着陆点偏向于最容易进行扶正的一侧,这是由于质心位置在左侧的结合所致。主体螺纹和右上角静脉曲张可能充当上翻叶片。

著录项

  • 来源
    《The Biological Bulletin》 |1995年第1期|p.59-68|共10页
  • 作者

    Carefoot TH; Donovan DA;

  • 作者单位

    Carefoot TH, UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, DEPT ZOOL, 6270 UNIV BLVD, VANCOUVER, BC V6T 1Z4, CANADA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生物科学;
  • 关键词

    Shell;

    机译:贝壳;
  • 入库时间 2022-08-18 01:09:52

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