The Transit of Venus Enterprise in Victorian Britain

DEBORAH JEAN WARNER

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The Transit of Venus Enterprise in Victorian Britain

机译：英国维多利亚时期金星企业的过境

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Transits of Venus occur when the small planet passes between the earth and the sun. They are short, lasting at most about four hours. They are infrequent. And each is visible only from specific and often far-flung locales. The first transit of Venus that is known to have been seen (by one observer in England) occurred in 1639. Edmond Halley observed a transit of Mercury in 1677 and eventually realized that if astronomers could measure the duration of planetary transits, or time-specific aspects of transits, they could determine the distance between the earth and the sun, a figure considered to be the fundamental astronomical unit. Recognizing the value of this suggestion, Europeans mounted several enormously expensive expeditions to observe the Venus transits of 1761 and 1769.

机译：当小行星在地球和太阳之间通过时，金星发生转变。它们很短，最多持续约四个小时。他们很少。并且每个仅在特定且经常使用的地区中可见。 1639年（英国的一位观察家）首次观测到金星的首次发生。埃德蒙·哈雷（Edmond Halley）于1677年观察到水星的一次穿越，并最终意识到，如果天文学家可以测量行星穿越的持续时间或特定时间在过境方面，它们可以确定地球与太阳之间的距离，这个数字被认为是基本的天文单位。意识到这一建议的价值，欧洲人进行了几次极其昂贵的考察，以观察1761年和1769年的金星凌日。

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《Technology and Culture》 |2009年第2期|463-464|共2页
作者
DEBORAH JEAN WARNER;
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Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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正文语种 eng
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入库时间 2022-08-17 13:06:40

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专利

1. TRANSITS OF VENUS IN VICTORIAN TIMES [J] . Steven J. Dick Journal for the History of Astronomy . 2009,第2期

机译：金星在维多利亚时代的过渡
2. The World's First Railway System: enterprise, competition, and regulation on the railway network in Victorian Britain [J] . GRAHAME BOYES Journal of the Railway & Canal Historical Society . 2010,第208期

机译：世界上第一个铁路系统：英国维多利亚时代铁路网络的企业，竞争和法规
3. The CO2 continuum absorption in the 1.10-and 1.18-mu m windows on Venus from Maxwell Montes transits by SPICAV IR onboard Venus express [J] . Fedorova Anna, Bezard Bruno, Bertaux Jean-Loup, Planetary and space science . 2015,第auga期

机译：金星快车上的SPICAV IR在Maxwell Montes过境的金星上1.10和1.18微米窗口中连续吸收二氧化碳
4. Tudor Mansion on the Crimean Shore: M.S.Vorontsov's Palace in Aloupka: Seen in the Context of the British Victorian Country House Architecture [C] . Vladimir Chekmarev, Maria Sokolova International Conference on Architecture: Heritage, Traditions and Innovations . 2019

机译：在克里米亚海岸的Tudor Mansion：M.S.Vorontsov宫殿在阿罗巴纳：在英国维多利亚州乡间别墅建筑的背景下看到
5. THE VICTORIAN EXAMPLE: FRENCH CRITICAL RESPONSE TO MID-VICTORIAN PAINTINGS IN PARIS, 1850-1870 (BRITAIN, FRANCE). [D] . HOWKINS, MARY BALL. 1985

机译：维多利亚时代的例子：法国对中维多利亚时代绘画的批判性回应，1850-1870年（法国，英国）。
6. Contribution of small and medium enterprises to economic development: Evidence from a transiting economy [O] . James Obi, Ayodotun Stephen Ibidunni, Atolagbe Tolulope, 2018

机译：中小企业对经济发展的贡献：来自转轨经济的证据
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Gustav and KnightS. (eds), British Industrial Fictions , University of Wales Press, 2000, pp. viii + 212, £14.99 pb.; BalchJack S., Lamps at High Noon , University of Illinois Press, 2000, pp. xl + 404, $19.45 pb.; ConroyJack, A World to Win , University of Illinois Press, 2000, pp. xxxv + 348, $17.95 pb.GagnierRegenia, The Insatiability of Human Wants: Economics and Aesthetics in Market Society , University of Chicago Press, 2000, pp. 352, £10.50 pb. [O] . Paul Hyland, R. C. Richardson, Ivan Roots, 2001

机译：点评：历史的研究：一个书目指南，历史的英语理念从柯勒律治到科林伍德，英国当地历史，亚瑟和他的英语变脸：亚瑟王传说中中世纪英国生活和文学，在英国文艺复兴时期颁布性别舞台上，莎士比亚的女性结局，写英文共和国：诗歌，修辞学和政治学1627年至1660年，对旧的新故事：在小说中，天主教和反天主教在早期现代英语文本，长子继承权和继承权在英国圣经模式：综述文学中的历史和代表，通过对小说恢复的英语内战：一个注释的参考书目，戴安娜，自我利益和英国国家身份，古人与现代人之间的古典罗马的痕迹和古典罗马：巴洛克文化在恢复英格兰，浪漫英格兰的Bacchus：1780-1830，厌恶经济学的作家和饮料：十八世纪的文学业务ritain，伪造的房子在十八世纪的英国，穿着我们的衣服，牛津伴侣的浪漫时代：英国文化，1776 - 1832，国内空间：阅读十九世纪的内部，维多利亚人理论上：从德里达到布朗，美德的年龄：英国文化从恢复到浪漫主义，悲惨的痛苦：维多利亚州的残疾和感情，妇女作家第一次世界大战：一个注释的书目，文学中的酒吧，英国工业小说，人类的缘故想要：市场苏格里希第德森市场的经济和美学。 C.，历史的研究：一个书目指南，第二版，曼彻斯特大学出版社，2000，第十四+ 140，£40.00.ParkerChristopher，历史的英语从理念到柯勒律治科林伍德，Ashgate出版社，2000，页。 VII + 244，£45.Richardsonr。 C.（ed。），英语当地历史的变化面孔，ashgate，2000，pp。viii + 218，£45.00.00.00.Parronw。 RJ（编辑），亚瑟和他的英文：亚瑟王传说中中世纪英国生活和文学，威尔士出版社，1999年大学，第398，£35.00.ComensoliViviana和RussellAnne（EDS），英国文艺复兴舞台上颁布性别，伊利诺伊大学出版社，1999，第270页，18.95英镑; SaunderseVe Rachel，在早期现代英格兰舞台上的雷切尔，性别和识字，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。260，£35.BerringPhilippa，莎士比亚的女性化的遗址，Routledge，1999，PP。197，£15.99 PB。 Bellilona，伊丽莎白裔女性和甲师诗歌，剑桥大学出版社，1998，PP。262，£35.00.norbrookdavid，写英国共和国：诗歌，修辞和政治1627-1660，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。XIII + 509 ，£40.FischHarold，对于旧的新故事：在小说，Macmillan出版社，1998年，第圣经模式X + 236，£42.50; Fischharold，Shakespeare，Milton和Blake的圣经存在，1999年，PP。Xi + 330，£45.marottiarthur F.（Ed。），天主教和早期现代英语文本，Macmillan，1999，PP的天主教和反天主教。XVII + 266，£47.50; Shellalison，天主教，争议和英国文学想象，1558-1660，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。XI + 309，£37.50.Jamoussizouheir，Punigoghts和Envland在英国：他们在文学中的历史和代表调查，中心出版大学，突尼斯，1999，PP。293,8 DT.Murphorn Xane C.，英语内战通过虚构的恢复：一个注释书目，格林伍德出版社，韦斯特波特，CT，CT。，2000，PP。VIII + 349，£63.95 .HammondPaul，德莱顿和古典罗马，克拉伦登出版社，牛津，1999年的痕迹，第305，£45.00.LevineJoseph M.，古人和现代人之间：巴洛克文化恢复英格兰，耶鲁大学出版社，1999，页。 XIV + 279，£27.50.50.50.5.50.Tayloranya，浪漫英格兰的Bacchus：作家和饮料，1780-1830，Macmillan，1999，PP。Xi + 264，£47.50.Mandelllaura，罕有内容：十八世纪英国的文学业务，肯塔基州大学，1999，PP。X + 228，$ 42.00.Bainespaul，在十八世纪的英国伪造之家，阿什捷，1999年，PP。第八次+ 195，£47.50.50.50.50.Munnsjessica和Richardspenny（EDS），穿着我们，纽瓦克，特拉华大学出版社，1999，PP。362，£ 37.McCalmanIain（编辑），牛津伴侣对浪漫的年龄：英国文化，1776年至1832年，牛津大学出版社，1999，页。 XII + 780，£85.Brydeninga和Floydjanet（EDS），国内空间：阅读十九世纪内部，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999，PP。XII + 219，£40.00; KiddAlan和NichollsDavid（EDS），性别，公民文化和消费：在英国，1800年至1940年中产阶层的身份，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999年，第十四+ 223，£46.00，PB。 14.99英镑的理论上，从Derrida到Browning，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999年，PP。X + 180，£40.Moreedavid，富于浪漫主义，2000，2000，PP。八+ 330，£45.Klesmary，悲惨的痛苦：宾夕法尼亚大学的维多利亚州美国的残疾和感情，1999年，第211次，第一次第一次世界大战的妇女作家：一名注册参考书目，rutledge，2000，pp。230，75英镑; TyleeClaire与Turnerelaine和Cardinalagnes（EDS），战争扮演妇女：国际选集，Routledge，2000，PP。225，£16.99 PB.Taylorjohn A.，戴安娜，自身利益和英国国家身份，Praeger，2000，PP 。169，£44.95.EARNShawsteven，文学中的酒吧，曼彻斯特大学出版社，2000，PP。X + 294，£45和15.99英镑PB.Klaush。古斯塔夫和骑士。（EDS），英国工业小说，威尔士大学出版社，2000，PP。VIII + 212，£14.99 PB。 Balchjack S.，伊利诺伊大学高中中午的灯，2000年，PP。XL + 404，$ 19.45 PB。康罗伊士队，伊利诺伊大学的世界胜利，2000年，PP。XXXV + 348，17.95磅PB.Gagnierregenia，人类想要的缘故：市场学会的经济学和美学，芝加哥大学出版社，2000，PP。352，£ 10.50 PB。

The Transit of Venus Enterprise in Victorian Britain

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