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The Political Economy of Private Sector Development in Communist China: Evidence from Zhejiang Province

机译:中国共产党民营经济发展的政治经济学:来自浙江省的证据

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This article investigates a natural experiment in China's Zhejiang province in order to identify why local officials across the province had varying motivations and capacities for protecting and promoting private entrepreneurship after 1949. As the result of communist revolution before 1949, all Zhejiang's counties were divided into two categories in 1949: guerrilla counties and non-guerrilla counties. In guerrilla counties, local cadres were marginalized by the newly established provincial power structure and faced huge political insecurity, while their counterparts in non-guerrilla counties could rely on the patron-client network that was built by the provincial leadership for promotion. The local cadres in guerrilla counties were forced to cultivate popular support from below in order to guarantee their political survival, i.e., they looked after local economic interests by supporting local private sector development in exchange for the grassroots' support. This mutual protection between local elites and potential private entrepreneurs explains why, relative to the non-guerrilla counties, the private sector was effectively protected after 1949 and therefore better developed in the long run. We argue that the analytical framework developed by this research can go beyond Zhejiang to apply to other provinces.
机译:本文调查了中国浙江省的一项自然实验,以查明为什么该省各地官员在1949年后保护和促进私人企业家精神方面具有不同的动机和能力。由于1949年之前的共产主义革命,浙江所有县都分为两个县1949年的类别:游击县和非游击县。在游击县,地方干部被新建立的省级权力机构边缘化,面临着巨大的政治不安全感,而在非游击县中的地方干部则可以依靠由省领导层建立的赞助人-客户网络来进行晋升。游击县的地方干部被迫从下面争取民众的支持,以保证他们的政治生存,即他们通过支持地方私营部门的发展来换取基层的支持,从而照顾当地的经济利益。地方精英与潜在的私营企业家之间的这种相互保护解释了为什么相对于非游击县而言,私营部门在1949年之后得到了有效保护,因此从长远来看会得到更好的发展。我们认为,这项研究开发的分析框架可以超越浙江,以适用于其他省份。

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