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Varieties of Authoritarianism: The Organization of the Military State and its Effects on Federalism in Argentina and Brazil

机译:威权主义的多样性:军事国家的组织及其对阿根廷和巴西联邦制的影响

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While much has been written about democracy and democratization, far less attention has been paid to the institutional organization of authoritarian regimes. Scholars have focused on the causes, economic policies, societal support, intra-elite conflicts, or human-rights violations of authoritarian regimes. More recently, political scientists have also studied the role of elections and legislatures on the survival of authoritarian regimes. However, the very different ways in which authoritarian regimes, and military regimes in particular, organize the government, occupy the state apparatus, and modify the country’s political institutions have largely gone under-theorized. This essay contributes to fill in this void by analyzing how the last military regimes of Argentina (1976–1983) and Brazil (1964–1985) organized power within the state and the legacies of such organization on the institutions of federalism. The essay argues that variation in the organization of the state under the military regimes accounts for the divergent origins of post-developmental decentralization, which in turn explains the contrasting evolution of intergovernmental relations in each country. The article contributes to the recent literature on electoral authoritarian regimes by showing that elections and legislatures matter not only to regime survival but also to policy outcomes.
机译:尽管有关民主和民主化的文章很多,但对威权政权的机构组织却很少关注。学者关注的是原因,经济政策,社会支持,精英内部的冲突或侵犯专制政权的人权。最近,政治学家还研究了选举和立法机构对威权政权生存的作用。但是,专制政权,特别是军事政权组织政府,占领国家机构和修改国家政治体制的方式截然不同,这在很大程度上已被理论化了。本文通过分析阿根廷(1976-1983年)和巴西(1964-1985年)的最后军事政权如何组织国家内部的权力以及该组织在联邦制体制上的遗产,为填补这一空白做出了贡献。文章认为,军事体制下国家组织的变化是导致发展后下放权力的根源不同的原因,这反过来解释了各国政府间关系的不同演变。本文通过显示选举和立法机关不仅关系到政权的生存,而且关系到政策成果,为最近有关选举威权政权的文献做出了贡献。

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