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Global Production Networks, Chronic Poverty and ‘Slave Labour’ in Brazil

机译:全球生产网络,慢性贫困和巴西的“奴隶工”

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摘要

For large parts of the world's poor labour force, participation in global production networks (GPNs) is associated not with poverty reduction and ‘social upgrading’, but with highly precarious, unprotected and exploitative forms of work and employment, resulting in a perpetuation, rather than alleviation, of chronic poverty. In this article, we seek to understand these dynamics of ‘adverse incorporation’ in the context of Brazilian agriculture, focusing on the extreme ends of the spectrum of exploitation associated with what, in Brazil, is usually termed ‘slave labour’. We explore two questions which reveal the circular character of adverse incorporation. First, to what extent, in what ways and under what circumstances does chronic poverty foster patterns of precarious and exploitative employment within GPNs for poor workers? Second, to what extent, in what ways and under what circumstances can the workings of GPNs, and the terms on which poorer workers are incorporated into them, be said to produce and reproduce chronic poverty?
机译:对于世界上大部分贫困劳动力来说,参与全球生产网络(GPN)并不与减贫和“社会升级”相关,而是与高度不稳定,不受保护和剥削性的工作和就业形式有关,从而导致长期存在,而是而不是减轻长期贫困。在本文中,我们试图了解巴西农业背景下“不利并入”的这些动态,重点是与通常称为“奴隶劳动”的巴西相关的剥削范围的极端情况。我们探索了两个问题,揭示了不利合并的圆形特征。首先,长期贫困在什么程度上,在什么情况下和什么情况下会在GPN中促进贫困工人的不稳定和剥削性就业模式?第二,可以说在什么程度上,以什么方式和在什么情况下,政府一般伙伴关系的运作以及将较贫穷的工人纳入其中的条件会产生并重现长期贫困?

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