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Jordan: Model Reformer Without Upgrading?

机译:乔丹:不进行升级的模型改革者?

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Jordan has been praised as one of the best reformers among middle-income countries. Renewed growth during recent years has raised expectations that the reforms are finally bearing fruit. This article argues that growth in Jordan is not based on structural transformation and is not sustainable in the absence of firm-level upgrading. Growth has been driven by the expansion of non-tradable activities, while the country has not been able to modify its production structure or achieve noticeable productivity improvements under neoliberal policies. Higher value added and technology-intensive production has not evolved concomitantly with the development of social capabilities, impeding the emergence of a virtuous cycle leading towards economy-wide upgrading. Uneven development of social capabilities has also constrained the upgrading potential. The macroeconomic context has not been conducive to generating incentives for investment aiming at enhancing firm-level capabilities and promoting economic diversification. Upgrading will not take place spontaneously by the free functioning of market forces alone, and in its absence Jordan will not be able to confront the middle-income trap. This requires a more active state intervention, beyond building a business friendly environment, which in turn demands the development of institutional capabilities The Jordanian experience offers important insights for other small countries that have embraced the neoliberal recipe for development.
机译:约旦被公认为是中等收入国家中最好的改革者之一。近年来的增长重新增长,使人们期望改革最终会取得成果。本文认为,约旦的增长不是建立在结构转型的基础上,并且在缺乏公司层面的升级的情况下是不可持续的。增长由非贸易活动的扩大推动,而该国在新自由主义政策下仍无法改变其生产结构或显着提高生产力。高附加值和技术密集型生产并未随着社会能力的发展而发展,这阻碍了导致整个经济升级的良性循环的出现。社会能力的不均衡发展也限制了其升级潜力。宏观经济环境不利于鼓励旨在增强公司一级能力和促进经济多样化的投资动机。单靠市场力量的自由运作,升级就不会自发地进行,如果没有市场力量,约旦将无法面对中等收入陷阱。这不仅需要建立一个商业友好的环境,还需要更积极的国家干预,这反过来又需要发展机构能力。约旦的经验为接受新自由主义发展纲领的其他小国家提供了重要的见识。

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