President Obama made history by coming to office with the promise of working towards a nuclear weapons-free world. Envisioning a new non-proliferation momentum, Obama promised to revive the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) system and create nuclear security and energy architectures that will secure nuclear materials and make proliferation difficult. A year later, Obama realised the difficulties of selling his vision to his bureaucratic-military establishment, which resisted efforts to reduce the role of nuclear weapons while pushing for nuclear mod-ernisation. As Obama's nuclear policy evolves, India is apprehensive that its terms of engagement with the regime could be redefined by Obama. Re-emergence of the traditional divergences on non-proliferation now seems a potential outcome.
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