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Rationality, Relativism, and Religion: A Reinterpretation of Peter Winch

机译:理性,相对主义和宗教:彼得·温奇的重新诠释

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Many point to Peter Winch’s discussion of rationality, relativism, and religion as a paradigmatic example of cultural relativism. In this paper, I argue that Winch’s relationship to relativism is widely misinterpreted in that, despite his pluralistic understanding of rationality, Winch does allow for universal features of culture in virtue of which cross-cultural understanding and even critique is possible. Nevertheless, I also argue that given the kind of cultural universals that Winch produces, he fails to avoid relativism. This is because in order to provide the standards without which relativism ensues, one requires a certain kind of criteria of rationality, namely, what I here call substantive universals, a kind of criteria which Winch rejects.
机译:许多人指出,彼得·温奇(Peter Winch)对理性,相对主义和宗教的讨论是文化相对主义的范例。在本文中,我认为温奇与相对主义的关系被广泛误解了,尽管温奇尽管对理性有多元理解,但它确实具有文化的普遍性,因此跨文化的理解甚至批评都是可能的。尽管如此,我也认为,鉴于温奇所产生的那种文化共性,他无法避免相对主义。这是因为,为了提供相对论所没有的标准,人们需要某种理性的标准,即我在这里所谓的实体普遍性,这是温奇拒绝的一种标准。

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