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Doris: An Adaptive Soft Real-Time Scheduler in Virtualized Environments

机译:Doris:虚拟环境中的自适应软实时调度程序

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With the development of cloud computing and virtualization technologies, more and more soft real-time applications, such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) server and cloud gaming, are running in virtualized data centers. Though previous studies optimize CPU schedulers of hypervisors to support these applications in virtualized environments, there are some important challenges in designing an efficient CPU scheduler which is suitable for real-world clouds. On one hand, hypervisors do not know whether an application in a virtual machine (VM) has real-time requirements, so manually setting the scheduling parameters is a common case for CPU schedulers, which probably increases users' burden, lacks flexibility, and causes misconfigurations. On the other hand, it has been reported that most of existing CPU schedulers designed for soft real-time applications have an obvious propensity to such applications which prevents them from being applied in practical multi-tenant cloud environments. In this paper, we design and implement an adaptive soft real-time scheduler based on Xen, named Doris, to address these challenges. It identifies the VMs running soft real-time applications (RT-VMs) and infers their scheduling parameters according to the communication behaviors of VMs adaptively. Then, it promotes the priorities of VCPUs of the RT-VMs temporarily according to I/O events and the inferred scheduling parameters of RT-VMs to support soft real-time applications adaptively while minimizing the impacts on non-real-time applications. Finally, considering the importance of privileged entities (such as Domain0 in Xen) in I/O processing, Doris sets their types and scheduling parameters dynamically, which enables the adaptive scheduling of them to guarantee the performance of soft real-time applications. Our evaluation shows Doris can support soft real-time applications adaptively and efficiently, and only introduces very slight overhead.
机译:随着云计算和虚拟化技术的开发,越来越多的软实时应用,如互联网协议(VoIP)服务器和云游戏的语音,正在虚拟化数据中心运行。虽然以前的研究优化了虚拟机管理程序的CPU调度程序,以支持虚拟化环境中的这些应用程序,但在设计一个适用于现实世界云的高效CPU调度器时存在一些重要的挑战。一方面,虚拟机管理程序不知道虚拟机(VM)中的应用程序是否具有实时要求,因此手动设置调度参数是CPU调度器的常见情况,这可能会增加用户的负担,缺乏灵活性,并导致误导。另一方面,据报道,为软实时应用设计的大多数现有的CPU调度仪对这种应用具有明显的倾向,这可以防止它们在实际的多租户云环境中应用。在本文中,我们根据Xen,命名Doris设计和实施自适应软实时调度程序,以解决这些挑战。它标识运行软实时应用程序(RT-VM)的虚拟机,并根据VMS自适应的通信行为为其调度参数。然后,它根据I / O事件临时临时临时rt-VM的VCPU的优先级,并在最小化非实时应用程序的影响下,立即支持RT-VM的推断调度参数,以支持软实时应用。最后,考虑到I / O处理中特权实体(例如Domain0)的重要性,Doris动态设置它们的类型和调度参数,这使得它们能够保证软实时应用的性能。我们的评估显示Doris可以自适应和有效地支持软实时应用,并且只引入非常轻微的开销。

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