Are hunter-gatherer societies warlike? That question has sparked a war of its own among scientists. Some anthropologists see these traditional societies as largely peaceful, relying on trade networks with outsiders for survival, while other researchers cite frequent deadly clashes among neighboring groups. The question has implications beyond today's dwindling foraging peoples, because our ancestors lived as hunter-gatherers for most of prehistory. If war is a common feature of the foraging way of life, then perhaps it was a driving force in human evolution.
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