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Moving in the Anthropocene: Global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements

机译：人类运动：全球陆地哺乳动物运动的减少

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摘要

Animal movement is fundamental for ecosystem functioning and species survival, yet the effects of the anthropogenic footprint on animal movements have not been estimated across species. Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, we found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human footprint were on average one-half to one-third the extent of their movements in areas with a low human footprint. We attribute this reduction to behavioral changes of individual animals and to the exclusion of species with long-range movements from areas with higher human impact. Global loss of vagility alters a key ecological trait of animals that affects not only population persistence but also ecosystem processes such as predator-prey interactions, nutrient cycling, and disease transmission.
机译：动物的活动对于生态系统的功能和物种的生存至关重要，但尚未估计出人类活动足迹对动物运动的影响。使用一个独特的GPS跟踪数据库，该数据库包含来自57个物种的803个个体，我们发现，在人类足迹相对较高的地区，哺乳动物的活动平均是其人类足迹较低的地区活动的一半至三分之一。我们将这种减少归因于个别动物的行为变化，并排除了具有较高人类影响力的地区的远距离移动物种。全球易失性的改变改变了动物的关键生态特征，不仅影响种群的持久性，还影响着生态系统的过程，例如掠食者与猎物的相互作用，营养循环和疾病传播。

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  • 来源
    《Science》 |2018年第6374期|466-469|共4页
  • 作者

    Tucker Marlee A.; Boehning-Gaese Katrin; Fagan William F.; Fryxell John M.; Van Moorter Bram; Alberts Susan C.; Ali Abdullahi H.; Allen Andrew M.; Attias Nina; Avgar Tal; Bartlam-Brooks Hattie; Bayarbaatar Buuveibaatar; Belant Jerrold L.; Bertassoni Alessandra; Beyer Dean; Bidner Laura; van Beest Floris M.; Blake Stephen; Blaum Niels; Bracis Chloe; Brown Danielle; de Bruyn P. J. Nico; Cagnacci Francesca; Calabrese Justin M.; Camilo-Alves Constanca; Chamaille-Jammes Simon; Chiaradia Andre; Davidson Sarah C.; Dennis Todd; DeStefano Stephen; Diefenbach Duane; Douglas-Hamilton Iain; Fennessy Julian; Fichtel Claudia; Fiedler Wolfgang; Fischer Christina; Fischhoff Ilya; Fleming Christen H.; Ford Adam T.; Fritz Susanne A.; Gehr Benedikt; Goheen Jacob R.; Gurarie Eliezer; Hebblewhite Mark; Heurich Marco; Hewison A. J. Mark; Hof Christian; Hurme Edward; Isbell Lynne A.; Janssen Rene; Jeltsch Florian; Kaczensky Petra; Kane Adam; Kappeler Peter M.; Kauffman Matthew; Kays Roland; Kimuyu Duncan; Koch Flavia; Kranstauber Bart; LaPoint Scott; Leimgruber Peter; Linnell John D. C.; Lopez-Lopez Pascual; Markham A. Catherine; Mattisson Jenny; Medici Emilia Patricia; Mellone Ugo; Merrill Evelyn; Mourao Guilherme de Miranda; Morato Ronaldo G.; Morellet Nicolas; Morrison Thomas A.; Diaz-Munoz Samuel L.; Mysterud Atle; Nandintsetseg Dejid; Nathan Ran; Niamir Aidin; Odden John; OHara Robert B.; Oliveira-Santos Luiz Gustavo R.; Olson Kirk A.; Patterson Bruce D.; de Paula Rogerio Cunha; Pedrotti Luca; Reineking Bjorn; Rimmler Martin; Rogers Tracey L.; Rolandsen Christer Moe; Rosenberry Christopher S.; Rubenstein Daniel I.; Safi Kamran; Said Sonia; Sapir Nir; Sawyer Hall; Schmidt Niels Martin; Selva Nuria; Sergiel Agnieszka; Shiilegdamba Enkhtuvshin; Silva Joao Paulo; Singh Navinder; Solberg Erling J.; Spiegel Orr; Strand Olav; Sundaresan Siva; Ullmann Wiebke; Voigt Ulrich; Wall Jake; Wattles David; Wikelski Martin; Wilmers Christopher C.; Wilson John W.; Wittemyer George; Zieba Filip; Zwijacz-Kozica Tomasz; Mueller Thomas;

  • 作者单位

    Senckenberg Gesell Naturforsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Main, Germany;

    Senckenberg Gesell Naturforsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Main, Germany;

    Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;

    Norwegian Inst Nat Res, POB 5685 Torgard, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway;

    Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA;

    Hirola Conservat Programme, Garissa, Kenya;

    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Wildlife Fish & Environm Studies, S-90183 Umea, Sweden;

    Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Ecol & Conservat Grad Program, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil;

    Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada;

    Univ London, Royal Vet Coll, Struct & Motion Lab, London NW1 0TU, England;

    Wildlife Conservat Soc, Mongolia Program, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep;

    Mississippi State Univ, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Carnivore Ecol Lab, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS USA;

    Sao Paulo State Univ, Anim Biol Postgra Program, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil;

    Michigan Dept Nat Resources, 1990 US 41 South, Marquette, MI 49855 USA;

    Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA;

    Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;

    Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Vogelwarte Radolfzell, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany;

    Univ Potsdam, Plant Ecol & Nat Conservat, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany;

    Senckenberg Gesell Naturforsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Main, Germany;

    Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA;

    Univ Pretoria, Dept Zool & Entomol, Mammal Res Inst, ZA-0028 Gauteng, South Africa;

    Fdn Edmund Mach, Res & Innovat Ctr, Dept Biodivers & Mol Ecol, I-38010 San Michele All Adige, TN, Italy;

    Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Univ Evora, Depat Fitotecn, P-7002554 Evora, Portugal;

    Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valery Montpellier, CNRS,EPHE, Ctr Ecol Fonctionnelle & Evolut,UMR 5175, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France;

    Phillip Isl Nat Parks, Cowes, Vic, Australia;

    Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Vogelwarte Radolfzell, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany;

    Fiji Natl Univ, Dept Biol, POB 5529, Natabua, Lautoka, Fiji;

    Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA;

    Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;

    Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England;

    Giraffe Conservat Fdn, POB 86099, Eros, Namibia;

    German Primate Ctr, Behav Ecol & Sociobiol Unit, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany;

    Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Vogelwarte Radolfzell, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany;

    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, Restorat Ecol, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany;

    Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA;

    Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Univ British Columbia, Irving K Barber Sch Arts & Sci, Unit 2, Biol, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada;

    Senckenberg Gesell Naturforsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Main, Germany;

    Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland;

    Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA;

    Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA;

    Bavarian Forest Natl Pk, Dept Conservat & Res, D-94481 Grafenau, Germany;

    Univ Toulouse, INRA, CEFS, Castanet Tolosan, France;

    Senckenberg Gesell Naturforsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Main, Germany;

    Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA;

    Bionet Natr Onderzoek, NL-6171 EL Stein, Netherlands;

    Univ Potsdam, Plant Ecol & Nat Conservat, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany;

    Norwegian Inst Nat Res, POB 5685 Torgard, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway;

    Univ Coll Cork, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Cork, Ireland;

    German Primate Ctr, Behav Ecol & Sociobiol Unit, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany;

    Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY USA;

    North Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Raleigh, NC 27601 USA;

    Karatina Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, POB 195710101, Karatina, Kenya;

    German Primate Ctr, Behav Ecol & Sociobiol Unit, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany;

    Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland;

    Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Vogelwarte Radolfzell, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany;

    Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA;

    Norwegian Inst Nat Res, POB 5685 Torgard, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway;

    Univ Valencia, Terr Vertebrates Grp, Cavanilles Inst Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, E-46980 Valencia, Spain;

    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anthropol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA;

    Norwegian Inst Nat Res, POB 5685 Torgard, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway;

    TSG, SSC, IUCN, Rua Licuala 622,Damha 1,Campo Grande, BR-79046150 Mato Grosso Sul, Brazil;

    Univ Alicante, Dept Ciencias Ambient & Recursos Natur, Vertebrates Zool Res Grp, Alicante, Spain;

    Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada;

    Embrapa Pantanal, BR-79320900 Corumba, MS, Brazil;

    Chico Mendes Inst Conservat Biodivers, Natl Res Ctr Carnivores Conservat, BR-12952011 Atiba, SP, Brazil;

    Univ Toulouse, INRA, CEFS, Castanet Tolosan, France;

    Univ Glasgow, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland;

    NYU, Dept Biol, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA;

    Univ Oslo, Dept Biosci, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Synth, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway;

    Senckenberg Gesell Naturforsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Main, Germany;

    Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Alexander Silberman Inst Life Sci, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, Movement Ecol Lab, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel;

    Norwegian Inst Nat Res, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway;

    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Math Sci & Ctr Biodivers Dynam, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway;

    Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Dept Ecol, BR-79070900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil;

    Wildlife Conservat Soc, Mongolia Program, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep;

    Field Museum Nat Hist, Integrat Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA;

    Chico Mendes Inst Conservat Biodivers, Natl Res Ctr Carnivores Conservat, BR-12952011 Atiba, SP, Brazil;

    Consorzio Parco Nazl Stelvio, Bormio, Sondrio, Italy;

    Univ Grenoble Alpes, Irstea, UR LESSEM, BP 76, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France;

    Natl Park Schwarzwald, D-77889 Seebach, Germany;

    Univ New South Wales, Evolut & Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;

    Norwegian Inst Nat Res, POB 5685 Torgard, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway;

    Penn Game Commiss, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA;

    Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA;

    Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Vogelwarte Radolfzell, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany;

    Off Natl Chasse & Faune Sauvage, Studies & Expertise DRE, F-01330 Birieux, France;

    Univ Haifa, Dept Evolutionary & Environm Biol, IL-3498838 Haifa, Israel;

    Western Ecosyst Technol Inc, Laramie, WY 82070 USA;

    Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;

    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nat Conservat, PL-31120 Krakow, Poland;

    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nat Conservat, PL-31120 Krakow, Poland;

    Wildlife Conservat Soc, Mongolia Program, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep;

    Univ Porto, CIBIO InBIO Associate Lab, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal;

    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Wildlife Fish & Environm Studies, S-90183 Umea, Sweden;

    Norwegian Inst Nat Res, POB 5685 Torgard, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway;

    Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA;

    Norwegian Inst Nat Res, POB 5685 Torgard, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway;

    Jackson Hole Conservat, Jackson, WY 83001 USA;

    Univ Potsdam, Plant Ecol & Nat Conservat, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany;

    Univ Vet Med Hannover, Inst Terr & Aquat Wildlife Res, D-30173 Hannover, Germany;

    Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA;

    Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Vogelwarte Radolfzell, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany;

    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Environm Studies Dept, Ctr Integrated Spatial Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA;

    Univ Pretoria, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-0028 Hatfield, South Africa;

    Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA;

    Tatra Natl Pk, PL-34500 Zakopane, Poland;

    Tatra Natl Pk, PL-34500 Zakopane, Poland;

    Senckenberg Gesell Naturforsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Main, Germany;

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