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Agricultural sustainable intensification improved nitrogen use efficiency and maintained high crop yield during 1980-2014 in Northern China

机译:1980-2014年,中国北方地区农业可持续集约化提高了氮素利用效率并保持了高产

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摘要

Global population increase will require rapid increase of food production from existing agricultural land by 2050, which will inevitably mean the increase of agricultural productivity. Due to agricultural sustainable intensification since the 1990s, crop production in Huantai County of northern China has risen to 151 ha~(-1) yr~(-1) for the annual wheat-maize rotation system. We examined the temporal dynamics of nitrogen (N) budget Ν losses, and Ν use efficiency (NUE) during the 35 years (1980-2014) in Huantai. The results revealed that atmospheric Ν deposition increased 220% while reactive Ν losses decreased by 21.5% from 1980s to 2010s. During 1980-2002, annual Ν partial factor productivity (PFPN), apparent NUE and Ν recovery efficiency (REN) increased from 20.3 to 40.7 kg grain kg-1 Nfert, from 36.5% to 71.0%, and from 32.4% to 57.7%, respectively; meanwhile, reactive Ν losses intensity, land use intensity and Ν use intensity decreased by 69.8%, 53.4%, 50.0%, respectively, but without further significant changes after 2002. Overall increases in NUE and decreases in Ν losses were largely due to the introduction of optimized fertilization practice, mechanization and increased incorporation of crop straw in Huantai. Straw incorporation was also significant in soil Ν stock accrual and fertility improvement By 2030, northern China may reach the lowest end ofPFPN values in developed countries (>45 kg grain kg~(-1) Nfert). These agricultural sustainable intensification practices will be critical in maintaining high grain yields and associated decreases in environmental pollution, although water use efficiency in the region still needs to be improved.
机译:全球人口的增长将需要到2050年从现有的农业土地上迅速增加粮食产量,这必然意味着农业生产力的提高。由于1990年代以来农业的可持续集约化,中国北方northern台县的年度小麦-玉米轮作系统的农作物产量已增至151 ha〜(-1)yr〜(-1)。我们在Hu台研究了35年(1980-2014年)中氮(N)预算N损失和N使用效率(NUE)的时间动态。结果表明,从1980年代到2010年代,大气N沉积增加了220%,而反应性N损失减少了21.5%。在1980-2002年期间,年N偏要素生产率(PFPN),表观NUE和N回收效率(REN)从20.3 kg谷物kg-1 Nfert增加到40.7 kg谷物kg-1 Nfert,从36.5%增加到71.0%,从32.4%增加到57.7%,分别;同时,反应性氮损失强度,土地利用强度和氮利用强度分别下降了69.8%,53.4%和50.0%,但在2002年之后没有进一步的显着变化。NUE的总体增加和N损失的减少主要是由于引入ai台优化施肥方式,机械化和增加农作物秸秆的使用。秸秆还田在土壤N累积和肥力改善方面也很重要。到2030年,中国北方可能达到发达国家PFPN值的最低值(> 45 kg谷物kg〜(-1)Nfert)。尽管仍然需要提高该地区的用水效率,但这些农业可持续集约化做法对于维持高粮收和减少环境污染至关重要。

著录项

  • 来源
    《The Science of the Total Environment》 |2017年第15期|61-68|共8页
  • 作者单位

    College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;

    institute of Bio- and Ceosciences, Agrosphere (IBC-3), Research Centre Jiilich, Jiilich 52425, Germany;

    School of Life Sciences, Warwick Crop Centre, The University of Warwick, Warwick, UK;

    College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;

    College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;

    College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;

  • 收录信息
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Sustainable intensification; Nitrogen; High yield; Nitrogen use efficiency; Losses;

    机译:可持续集约化;氮;高产;氮利用效率;损失;
  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 13:49:13

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