Metoda i stanowisko do badania pochłaniania energii derzenia poruszającego się obiektu przez przemysłowe hełmy ochronne

摘要

Artykuł dotyczy problematyki badania parametrów ochronnych hełmów stosowanych w warunkach przemysłowych. Przedstawiono założenia do metody badania energii pochłanianej przez hełm ochronny podczas uderzenia poruszającego się obiektu. Zaprezentowano praktyczną realizację metody badań i zbudowane stanowisko. Scharakteryzowano jego konstrukcję i podstawowe parametry. Jego własności i zalety zostały ocenione na podstawie wyników badań wybranych typów hełmów ochronnych.%The paper discusses the problems associated with testing protective parameters of helmets used in industrial environment. The disadvantages of the testing methods used to date, which do not allow predicting the helmet performance upon high-energy impact by a moving object, are presented. A new method of assessing impact energy absorbed by a helmet is proposed and assumptions for this method formulated. Practical implementation of the method as well as the developed test stand are presented. The stand allows measuring the force acting on a head form on impact inflicted by a falling object as well as the helmet deformation using a high speed digital camera. The software package designed to control the measuring instruments and to process the data recorded during the impact is described, with special emphasis on specialist software enabling description of the time course of helmet deformation using image identification methods. The presented method and stand were used for testing the selected types of protective industrial helmets. The obtained results indicate that the properties of such helmets fail to exceed significantly the minimal requirements specified in the relevant standards. The performed tests also demonstrate that the target parameters of the stand have been obtained and confirm that it is a unique tool enabling complex assessment of protective helmets, useful in particular for design and development of new construction solutions.