According to recent research from Jinan, People's Republic of China, "A novel ultra-sensitivensingle-molecule-counting microarray assay (SMCMA) with a 1.8-nL sample volume for quantification ofnproteins was provided using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy coupled with quantum dotn(QD)-labeling. In the SMCMA, the microarray consisting of similar to 300 mu m diameter microspots withnthe spot-to-spot pitch distance of 500 mu m was fabricated by spotting 1.8 nL of solutions containing thentarget protein onto the substrate which was modified with primary antibody of the protein and blockednwith ethanolamine and BSA using a pin-tool type microarraying robot."
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