Which financial levers of cooperation for France? A critique of their effectiveness

摘要

France must turn its current weaknesses into assets for its policy of aid to development. It must: increase the amount of its official development assistance to 0.7% of gross national income (GDI), in compliance with its commitment to the Paris Climate Agreement; ensure a strategic and political management of its aid by involving "organizations representing civil society" in order to augment transparency; put its sectoral assets to better use; or even develop effective instruments of financial engineering through an improved oversight of private/public partnerships and of the "mix" of loans and donations.