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The role of life cycle assessment in the sustainable transition to a decarbonised gas network through green gas production

机译:生命周期评估在通过绿色气体生产向脱碳气体网络的可持续过渡中的作用

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Green gas is a promising renewable energy carrier compatible with existing gas networks, whose environmental impact and capacity to decarbonise the energy sector is evaluated by life cycle assessment (LCA). This articles reviews 42 LCAs applied to biomethane, produced by anaerobic digestion, and bio-SNG, produced by gasification and methanation, discussing the main methodological choices and their effects on the results, and highlighting the limits of the use of LCA as a stand-alone approach in real-case applications. While uncertainty analysis was performed in 34 of the reviewed studies, only 3 studies integrated the LCA with process modelling or geospatial modelling. The lack of data for pre-commercial or newly-commercialised technologies has necessitated to the introduction of thermodynamic models giving mass and energy flows, especially in the case of bio-SNG. Limits due to geospatial case-specific constraints have been overcome by two studies introducing geographical information systems (GIS) based models to evaluate the impact of green gas production system on a regional level. Facility siting and sizing has been also found to be fundamentally important in evaluating the trade-off between profitability and environmental impact. Finally, this work highlights the need for a hybrid LCA, in which LCA is integrated with thermodynamic models of the process, GIS-based infrastructure design, and uncertainty quantification, in order to inform stakeholders of the economic, environmental and energy potential of green gas production systems.
机译:绿色气体是与现有气体网络兼容的有前途的可再生能源载体,其生命周期评估(LCA)评估了其对环境的影响以及对能源行业脱碳的能力。本文回顾了42种适用于厌氧消化产生的生物甲烷气的LCAs,以及气化和甲烷化产生的生物SNG的LCA,讨论了主要的方法选择及其对结果的影响,并强调了使用LCA作为标准的局限性-实际应用中的单独方法。虽然在34篇回顾性研究中进行了不确定性分析,但只有3项研究将LCA与过程建模或地理空间建​​模集成在一起。缺乏用于商业前或新商业化技术的数据,因此必须引入提供质量和能量流的热力学模型,尤其是在生物SNG的情况下。两项研究引入了基于地理信息系统(GIS)的模型来评估绿色气体生产系统对区域水平的影响,从而克服了因地理空间特定案例的限制而造成的限制。还发现设施选址和规模确定对于评估盈利能力和环境影响之间的权衡至关重要。最后,这项工作凸显了对混合LCA的需求,其中LCA与过程的热力学模型,基于GIS的基础设施设计以及不确定性量化相集成,以便使利益相关者了解绿色气体的经济,环境和能源潜力生产系统。

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