In the 1960s, with the introduction of MOSFET (IGFET) and CMOS devices, many warnings were given in 7T and elsewhere of the destructive power of electrostatic discharges (ESD) and mains leakages which could easily puncture the thin insulated layers of semiconductor devices. Amateur Radio Techniques 7th ed, (p22), for example, includes a list of "special handling procedures" published originally by MCP Electronics some 30 years ago and intended to prevent the destruction of MOSFET devices not protected by built-in zener diodes before they were safely wired into equipment with bleeder resistors: Shorting wire or foil should be kept wrapped around leads of devices whenever possible, and always during storage. When this shorting wire is to be removed, hold the leads between finger and thumb of one hand.
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