実オフィスにおけるタスク空調システムの性能評価

摘要

ZEB化の実現に向けて、特に、知的生産に関わる活動が期待されるワークプレイスにおいては、個人個人のニーズに応える室内環境の提供をョり少ないエネルギー消費で実現させることが急務となっている。こうした背景から、1990年頃から、パーソナル空調やタスクアンドアンビエント空調(以下、TAC)といった概念が提唱され、従来、空調ゾーン内は均一·一定が良いとされてきた考え方から、ァンビェント=全体とタスク-局所といった、各々の空間の特性に応じ、環境の均一/不均一、安定/変動を許容•選択するゾーニングを前提に空調システムを構築しョうとする動きが活発化してきた。必要最低限の空間の最適化を目指し、且つ、個人個人の満足度を高め、同時に省エネルギーを推進させる、こうした期待がTACの開発•研究•設計には求められている。%There are many proposed variations of air distribution for Task and Ambient Air Conditioning system(TAO, however, most of them are pilot installations at office buildings. Authors have developed a practical Task and Ambient Air Conditioning system which could respond to layout change of office. The authors have conducted investigation on various performances of the developed TAC in a real building where the system has been set with pressurized type under floor air conditioning system extensively. When evaluating effects of the TAC, behavior of office workers that considered to affect the result, was monitored in detail. It was confirmed that correlation between moving distance and metabolic rates of office workers were quite high. When the office workers were allowed to freely control airflow of task unit, it was found that reduction of mental fatigue symptoms and the total vote rates of symptoms in comparison with the other cases. Vitality degree fell of the office workers was small for cases of air diffuser of task unit was full open' and 'freely control of task airflow'. From these results, it was found that to allow office workers control volume and direction of task airflow was pretty much influenced on mental work load and maintain vitality of them under 28℃ room air temperature set point. In addition, in order to grasp the ventilation effectiveness of the TAC in the real office, ventilation effectiveness was measured by tracer gas. Compared to the other TAC systems tested before, the proposed TAC had equivalent performance. Also fresh air could be supplied to close proximity to breathing zone of occupants by adjusting the airflow direction of the TAC appropriately.