児童のアレルギー性症状と居住環境要因との関連性に関する調査研究: アンケート調査結果を用いた健康影響要因に関する統計分析

摘要

In order to clarify the association between child allergic symptoms and indoor environmental factors, an epidemiological survey has been conducted to the 4th and 5th grade school pupils in Japan. This survey was divided into three phases. The first phase was a preliminary questionnaire of the prevalence of allergic diseases among 8,336 children. The second phase was a cross-sectional questionnaire on housing characteristics and child allergic symptoms among 1,846 children, and the final phase was a field measurement. This paper described mainly about results obtained from two questionnaire surveys. From the first phase, the prevalence of current allergic diseases was 49.9%. Asthma and rhinitis before now were 12.5% and 33.3% of children respectively. The second phase revealed asthma evaluated by ATS-DLD were associated with reported mold on wall surfaces (p＜0.001) with multiple logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounding factors. The living near industrial area (p＜0.001) and using a humiditier (p＜0.0b; were associated with respiratory symptoms. We conclude that school pupils who are living in dampness are at significant risk for respiratory symptoms.%居住環境と児童のアレルギー性症状との関連性を明らかにするために，大規模な疫学的調査を実施し，以下の知見が得られた。①児童のアレルギー疾患の有病率は約50%であり，アレルギー性鼻炎の有病率が33.3%と最も高く，次いで喘息やアレルギー性結膜炎の有病率が高い。アレルゲンには花粉やハウスダスト，ダニを挙げる割合が高ぐ喘息を患う66%の児童がハウスダストを原因とし，アレルギー性鼻炎では62%が花粉を原因としている。