Evolution, Energy and Engineering

摘要

Diversity, competition and adaptation are also very powerful forces in the electric power system, and over time, they can optimize systems in ways that no amount of conventional planning and engineering can accomplish. A robust and efficient system needs many choices and options -- fossil, nuclear and renewable -- with appropriate transmission, carbon pricing and markets to encourage creative optimization. Like the diversity of mayflies in the natural world, diversity is critical as the power system becomes increasingly complex and interrelated. Forward-thinking power system operators are now keeping their eyes on the prize when it comes to renewables. Variable renewables like wind add complexity and operating challenges. But numerous studies have shown that adding wind energy reduces the system-wide cost of energy and therefore the costs to ratepayers.