The Central Role of Social Identity in Oppression, Discrimination and Social-Structural Violence: Collective Identity Stressors and Traumas, Their Dynamics and Mental Health Impact

摘要

Development-based trauma framework (DBTF) identified collective identity stressors and traumas (CISTs) and other trauma types, such as personal identity traumas (PITs), physical identity or survival trauma (PISTs), preidentity such as attachment traumas, and postidentity or secondary trauma (1ST). We utilized pooled data from 9 samples from different minorities, refugees, and other victims of CIST (N = 2471) that used measures of cumulative trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), and existential anxieties (EAAs). PROCESS macro (Models 4, 6, and 7) was used to analyze CIST direct, mediated, and moderated effects, and the serial trajectories of its mediators. We found significant direct effects of CIST on PTSD, CTD, and EAA, in addition to mediated indirect effects via PIST and PIT. Secondary and attachment traumas moderated its mediated effects. The study validated the integrated conceptual model of CIST. The implications of the results for identity-focused intervention and for advocating for social justice were discussed.