In earlier studies, the fundamentals of the liquor penetration process in the case of hand made, homogenous, identically shaped wooden blocks have been studied. However, the efficiency of liquor penetration into real industrial chips may differ from the efficiency of penetration into ideal handmade chips. In this paper, impregnation experiments with three industrial softwood chip grades including sawmill chips, juvenile chips from 1st thinning and normal pulpwood chips from 3rd thinning (final felling) were carried out using a new impregnation vessel concept. The effects of chips' physical properties and differing penetration conditions on the penetration process were investigated.
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