Factors Affecting the Intentions to Use RFID Subcutaneous Microchip Implants for Healthcare Purposes

摘要

Ozadje in namen: Obstajajo številne študije, ki obravnavajo sprejetje naprav z radiofrekvenčno identifikacijo (RFID), vendar le nekatere od njih obravnavajo mnenja posameznikov o uporabi RFID podkožnega mikročipa (RFID-SM). Po prvih testih na prostovoljcih, ki so se izvajali med letoma 1998 in 2000, je uporaba RFID-SM v zdravstvene namene ostala dokaj omejena. V raziskavi ugotavljamo verjetnost sprejetja RFID-SM v zdravstvene namene z vidika končnega uporabnika. Oblikovanje / metodologija / pristop: Cilj prispevka je razviti in ovrednotiti model sprejetja RFID-SM. Predlagamo razširjeni model sprejetja tehnologije (TAM) za sprejetje RFID-SM, ki ga v okviru raziskave testiramo. Preko spletne ankete smo pridobili primeren vzorec 531 anketirancev. Poleg treh osnovnih dejavnikov TAM (zaznana uporabnost, zaznana enostavnost uporabe in odnos do uporabe), so bile v model vključeni tudi trije zunanji dejavniki (skrb za zdravje, zaznano zaupanje in starost). Model smo preverili s konfirmatorno faktorsko analizo in tehniko strukturnega modeliranja. Rezultati: Zaznana uporabnost ima statistično značilen vpliv, medtem ko vpliv zaznane enostavnosti za uporabo nima statistično značilnega vpliva na odnos do uporabe RFID-SM v prihodnosti. Najbolj vpliven zunanji dejavnik je zaznano zaupanje, kar kaže na pomanjkanje zaupanja v zaščito osebnih podatkov, ki naj bi jo zagotavljala država in ostale institucije. Po pričakovanjih ima skrb za zdravje negativen vpliv na zaznano zaupanje in zaznano uporabnost RFID-SM. Zaključek: Rezultati empirične študije so pokazali, da vsi zunanji dejavniki predstavljeni v modelu, pomembno vplivajo na sprejetje RFID-SM. Zaznana enostavnost uporabe ni pomembna pri odnosu do sprejetja RFID-SM. Poleg predlaganega modela pa analiza zbranih podatkov kaže, da pozitiven odnos do uporabe RFID-SM na področju zdravstva raste.%Background and Purpose: While there are many studies regarding the adoption of Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID), only a few of them deal with RFID subcutaneous microchip (RFID-SM) usage by individuals. After the first in vivo tests conducted on volunteers from 1998 to 2000, the use of RFID-SM in healthcare remains limited. This study examines the likelihood of adopting RFID-SM in healthcare from the end user's point of view. Design/Methodology/Approach: The aim of this paper is to develop and evaluate the model for analysing the acceptance of RFID-SM adoption. An extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for RFID-SM adoption is proposed and empirically tested in a cross-sectional study. Online survey was conducted using a convenience sample of 531 respondents. In addition to the three original components of TAM (Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and Behavioural Intentions to Use), three external variables (Health Concerns, Perceived Trust, and Age) were also included in the model. The model was validated with confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling techniques. Results: Perceived Usefulness has a significant impact on behavioural intentions to adopt RFID-SM in the future, while the influence of Perceived Ease of Use is not significant. The most influential external variable is Perceived Trust, indicating the lack of confidence in personal data security ensured by the state and other institutions. As expected, Health Concerns factor has a negative effect on the Perceived Trust and Perceived Usefulness of RFID-SM. Conclusion: The results of the empirical study prove that all external variables considered in the model significantly influence the RFID-SM adoption. The Perceived Ease of Use is irrelevant to the attitude towards the RFID-SM adoption. In addition to the proposed model, the analysis of gathered data shows that the positive attitude toward the use of RFID-SM in healthcare is rising.