The modern science of multicriteria decision making and its practical applications: The AHP/ANP approach

摘要

Making decisions in the natural psychophysical way is named here as analytical hierarchy process (AHP) that involves assumptions that people make normally. AHP is considered as a successful tool since it is simple to construct, adoptable to groups as well as individuals, synchronizes with intuitive and normal thinking process, encourages compromises and consensus, no specialization of higher level is necessary for applying, and the process leading to decisions can be subjected to review. When human's date decisions they compare, judge one criterion against another within a homogeneous range. An absolute value is generated based on stimulus-response theory and validated. The numerical values assigned for paired comparisons are equal with (value 1), moderate with (value 3), very strong with (value 7), and extreme with (value 9) and other integers indicate compromise and their opposites. This process of decision making requires organized creative thinking provided by a hierarchy or a network. The structure adopted is such that the factors that constantly influence decisions are relative to learning. Logic, feelings, emotions, intuition, and experience all modeled in AHP. However, for making decisions other than making comparisons and using an ideal, is an extension of the AHP's approach as its generalization to feedback. This is the analytic network process (ANP) proposed in this article.