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Plasma-facing material alternatives to tungsten

机译:钨等离子材料的替代品

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Tungsten is the leading high-Z candidate surface material for magnetic fusion reactor plasma-facing components, however, there are specific performance concerns for tungsten, and a general major concern about relying on one material. To broaden the options for fusion development we identified and examined five potential alternative high-Z plasma-facing materials: zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, hafnium and tantalum. We assess these materials from three standpoints: neutron-induced activation, sputter erosion/redeposition and plasma transient response. This initial analysis is encouraging showing (1) environmentally attractive activation properties with minimum waste disposal, for a tokamak reactor divertor, using advanced recycling techniques, (2) acceptable sputtering erosion/redeposition performance, similar to a tungsten divertor, and (3) concerns about the transient response of the alternative materials, but not fundamentally different than concerns for tungsten. We identify work needed to advance the qualification of these materials.
机译:钨是用于磁聚变反应堆等离子组件的领先的高Z候选表面材料,但是,钨存在一些特殊的性能问题,而对一种材料的依赖则是普遍的主要问题。为了拓宽融合发展的选择,我们确定并研究了五种潜在的替代性高Z等离子体表面材料:锆,铌,钼,ha和钽。我们从三个角度评估这些材料:中子诱发的活化,溅射腐蚀/再沉积和等离子体瞬态响应。最初的分析令人鼓舞,它显示出(1)使用先进的回收技术,对于托卡马克反应堆分流器,以最少的废物处理对环境具有吸引力的活化性能,(2)类似于钨分流器的可接受的溅射腐蚀/再沉积性能,以及(3)关注点关于替代材料的瞬态响应,但与对钨的关注没有根本区别。我们确定需要进行哪些工作以提高这些材料的资格。

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