Detecting selection

摘要

对狗和狼所做的全基因组重新测序，被用来识rn别可能代表在狗的驯化过程中作为选择目标rn的基因组区域。在所识别出自936个基因中，一rn半以上与脑相关，其中包括一些与被认为对狗rn的驯化至关重要的行为变化相关的基因。意外rn的是，显示出选择信号的10个基因在淀粉消化rn和脂肪代谢中很重要，而现代狗消化富含淀粉rn的食物要比肉食性的狼好。饮食变化的这证rn据表明，狗可能找到了一个新的生态位——从rn在农业革命中形成的人类定居点的垃圾中找东rn西吃。%When an affenpinscher named Banana Joe took the top honours at last months Westminster Kennel Club dog show in New York, the judge referred to his "fantastic face [and] great body". Some ofJoeys success may be attributed to the awesome power of artificial selection, but we sometimes overlook the fact that dogs are also our companions in natural selection, and have adapted to similar changes in lifestyle and nutrient availability over the past 10,000 years or so.