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A suppression of differential rotation in Jupiter's deep interior

机译:抑制木星内部深处的旋转差

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摘要

Jupiter's atmosphere is rotating differentially, with zones and belts rotating at speeds that differ by up to 100 metres per second. Whether this is also true of the gas giant's interior has been unknown(1,2), limiting our ability to probe the structure and composition of the planet(3,4). The discovery by the Juno spacecraft that Jupiter's gravity field is north-south asymmetric(5) and the determination of its non-zero odd gravitational harmonics J(3), J(5), J(7) and J(9) demonstrates that the observed zonal cloud flow must persist to a depth of about 3,000 kilometres from the cloud tops(6). Here we report an analysis of Jupiter's even gravitational harmonics J(4), J(6), J(8) and J(10) as observed by Juno(5) and compared to the predictions of interior models. We find that the deep interior of the planet rotates nearly as a rigid body, with differential rotation decreasing by at least an order of magnitude compared to the atmosphere. Moreover, we find that the atmospheric zonal flow extends to more than 2,000 kilometres and to less than 3,500 kilometres, making it fully consistent with the constraints obtained independently from the odd gravitational harmonics. This depth corresponds to the point at which the electric conductivity becomes large and magnetic drag should suppress differential rotation(7). Given that electric conductivity is dependent on planetary mass, we expect the outer, differentially rotating region to be at least three times deeper in Saturn and to be shallower in massive giant planets and brown dwarfs.
机译:木星的大气以不同的速度旋转,区域和皮带以每秒高达100米的速度旋转。天然气巨星内部是否也是如此(1,2),这限制了我们探测行星结构和成分的能力(3,4)。朱诺航天器发现木星的重力场是南北不对称(5)并确定其非零奇数重力谐波J(3),J(5),J(7)和J(9)表明:观测到的纬向云流必须持续到距云顶约3,000公里的深度(6)。在这里,我们报告对Juno(5)观测到的木星偶数重力谐波J(4),J(6),J(8)和J(10)的分析,并与内部模型的预测进行了比较。我们发现,行星的深层内部几乎像刚体一样旋转,与大气相比,旋转差至少减小了一个数量级。此外,我们发现大气纬向流延伸超过2,000公里,并延伸到小于3500公里,这使其与独立于奇数重力谐波获得的约束完全一致。该深度对应于电导率变大且磁阻应抑制旋转差的点(7)。考虑到电导率取决于行星质量,我们预计,旋转的外部差异区域至少在土星深3倍,而在巨大的巨型行星和褐矮星中会更浅。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2018年第7695期|227-230|共4页
  • 作者单位

    Univ Cote dAzur, Lagrange CNRS, OCA, F-06304 Nice, France;

    Univ Cote dAzur, Lagrange CNRS, OCA, F-06304 Nice, France;

    Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;

    Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel;

    CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA;

    Univ Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland;

    Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;

    Sapienza Univ Roma, I-00184 Rome, Italy;

    CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA;

    CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA;

    Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA;

    UPMC Univ Paris 06, PSL Res Univ, Sorbonne Univ,CNRS, Univ Paris Diderot,LESIA,Observ Paris,Sorbonne Pa, F-92195 Meudon, France;

    Univ Cote dAzur, Lagrange CNRS, OCA, F-06304 Nice, France;

    CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA;

    Sapienza Univ Roma, I-00184 Rome, Italy;

    NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA;

    CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA;

    Southwest Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 入库时间 2022-08-18 02:51:28

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