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How To Catch the Wind: Spider Hairs Specialized for Sensing the Movement of Air

机译:如何捕捉风:专门用于感知空气运动的蜘蛛毛

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摘要

Most arthropods are hairy creatures. Some of them have several hundreds of thousands of hairs on their exoskeleton which in the majority of cases serve mechanosensory functions. Filiform hairs or trichobothria, as they are called in the arachnids, respond to the slightest movement of the surrounding air. They have repeatedly been shown to be involved in the guidance of escape and prey capture behavior and are indeed among the most sensitive biosensors known to date. Accordingly, the mechanical interaction between the air and the hair which is deflected and thus adequately stimulated by viscous forces is very close and to a large extent follows principles known in fluid mechanics. Both the experimental and theoretical analysis of this interaction has reached considerable depth. Using spider trichobothria as the main example the present review article strives to explain in a simple way the main mechanical parameters to be considered and how hair morphology and mechanics bring about such remarkable sensitivity.
机译:大多数节肢动物是毛茸茸的生物。它们中的一些在其外骨骼上具有数十万根毛发,在大多数情况下,它们具有机械感官功能。蜘蛛状的丝状毛发或毛癣菌对周围空气的微小运动有反应。它们已被反复证明参与逃逸和猎物捕获行为的指导,并且确实是迄今为止已知的最敏感的生物传感器之一。因此,空气和头发之间的机械相互作用非常紧密,并在很大程度上被流体力学中已知的原理所偏转,从而被粘性力充分刺激。对这种相互作用的实验和理论分析都已达到相当的深度。本篇综述文章以蜘蛛毛癣菌为主要实例,力求以一种简单的方式解释要考虑的主要机械参数,以及头发的形态和力学如何带来如此显着的敏感性。

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