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Deciphering Past Human Population Movements in Oceania: Provably Optimal Trees of 127 mtDNA Genomes

机译:解读大洋洲过去的人口运动:127 mtDNA基因组的最佳树

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The settlement of the many island groups of Remote Oceania occurred relatively late in prehistory, beginning approximately 3,000 years ago when people sailed eastwards into the Pacific from Near Oceania, where evidence of human settlement dates from as early as 40,000 years ago. Archeological and linguistic analyses have suggested the settlers of Remote Oceania had ancestry in Taiwan, as descendants of a proposed Neolithic expansion that began approximately 5,500 years ago. Other researchers have suggested that the settlers were descendants of peoples from Island Southeast Asia or the existing inhabitants of Near Oceania alone. To explore patterns of maternal descent in Oceania, we have assembled and analyzed a data set of 137 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomes from Oceania, Australia, Island Southeast Asia, and Taiwan that includes 19 sequences generated for this project. Using the MinMax Squeeze Approach (MMS), we report the consensus network of 165 most parsimonious trees for the Oceanic data set, increasing by many orders of magnitude the numbers of trees for which a provable minimal solution has been found. The new mtDNA sequences highlight the limitations of partial sequencing for assigning sequences to haplogroups and dating recent divergence events. The provably optimal trees found for the entire mtDNA sequences using the MMS method provide a reliable and robust framework for the interpretation of evolutionary relationships and confirm that the female settlers of Remote Oceania descended from both the existing inhabitants of Near Oceania and more recent migrants into the region.
机译:大洋洲的许多岛屿群的定居发生在史前时期相对较晚,大约在3000年前开始,当时人们从近大洋洲向东航行到太平洋,人类定居的证据最早可追溯到40,000年前。考古学和语言学分析表明,远洋大洋洲的定居者在台湾有血统,是大约5500年前开始的拟议新石器时代扩张的后裔。其他研究人员认为,这些定居者是东南亚岛屿人民的后裔,或者仅是大洋洲附近的现有居民。为了探索大洋洲孕产妇后裔的模式,我们收集并分析了来自大洋洲,澳大利亚,东南亚岛屿和台湾的137个线粒体DNA(mtDNA)基因组的数据集,其中包括为此项目生成的19个序列。使用MinMax压缩方法(MMS),我们报告了针对海洋数据集的165个最简约树的共识网络,已将找到可证明的最小解决方案的树数增加了多个数量级。新的mtDNA序列突显了部分测序的局限性,无法将序列分配给单倍群并约会最近的差异事件。使用MMS方法为整个mtDNA序列找到的可证明的最佳树木为解释进化关系提供了可靠而强大的框架,并证实了远洋大洋洲的女性定居者既来自近洋洲的现有居民,又来自较新的移民进入区域。

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