1. INTRODUCTION

摘要

Precision dies are dies used to produce net or near-net shapes which require little or no post-forming processing such that they may be used in the as-formed state. Thus, precision dies find application in metal forming operations (such as in forging, extrusion, drawing and presswork), metal-casting (die-casting, lost-wax casting, etc) and polymer processing (injection molding, compression molding, etc). This work however is restricted to metalworking precision dies.