WOMEN AND GIRLS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING: UNDERSTANDING THE BARRIERS TO RECRUITMENT, RETENTION AND PERSISTENCE ACROSS THE EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY

摘要

Data suggest that while women are enrolling, attending, and graduating from colleges and universities at rates higher than their male colleagues, their presence in the science and engineering disciplines, long-dominated by males, remains alarmingly low. Women's representation among the faculty in science and engineering programs across the United States reveals a similar gender gap. This literature review is focused on the educational trajectory that girls and women take as they progress through the academic curriculum in the science and engineering disciplines. The three main subject groups under analysis include female undergraduate students, graduate students, and faculty.