Lewis Base Mediated β-Elimination and Lewis Acid Mediated Insertion Reactions of Disilazido Zirconium Compounds

摘要

The reactivity of a series of disilazido zirconocene complexes is dominated by the migration of anionic groups (hydrogen, alkyl, halide, OTf) between the zirconium and silicon centers. The direction of these migrations is controlled by the addition of two-electron donors (Lewis bases) or two-electron acceptors (Lewis acids). The cationic nonclassical [Cp_2ZrN(SiHMe_2)_2]~+ ([2]~+) is prepared from Cp_2Zr{N(SiHMe_2)_2}H (1) and B(C_6F_5)_3 or [Ph_3C][B(C_6F_5)4], while reactions of B(C_6F_5)_3 and Cp_2Zr-{N(SiHMe_2)_2}R (R = Me (3), Et (5), n-C_3H_7 (7), CH=CHSiMe_3 (9)) provide a mixture of [2]~+ and [Cp_2ZrN(SiHMe_2)-(SiRMe_2)]~+. The latter products are formed through B(C_6F_5)_3 abstraction of a β-H and R group migration from Zr to the β-Si center. Related β-hydrogen abstraction and X group migration reactions are observed for Cp_2Zr{N(SiHMe_2)_2}X (X = OTf (11), Cl (13), OMe (15), O-i-C_3H_7 (16)). Alternatively, addition of DMAP (DMAP = 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine) to [2]~+ results in coordination to a Si center and hydrogen migration to zirconium, giving the cationic complex [Cp_2Zr{N(SiHMe_2)-(SiMe_2DMAP)}H]~+ ([19]~+). Related hydrogen migration occurs from [Cp_2ZrN(SiHMe_2)(SiMe_2OCHMe_2)]~+ ([l8]~+) to give [Cp_2Zr{N(SiMe_2DMAP)(SiMe_2OCHMe_2)}H]~+ ([22]~+), whereas X group migration is observed upon addition of DMAP to [Cp_2ZrN(SiHMe_2)(SiMe_2X)]~+ (X = OTf ([12]~+), Cl ([14]~+)) to give [Cp_2Zr{N(SiHMe_2)(SiMe_2DMAP)}X]~+ (X = OTf ([26]~+), Cl ([20]~+)). The species involved in these transformations are described by resonance structures that suggest β-elimination. Notably, such pathways are previously unknown in early metal amide chemistry. Finally, these migrations facilitate direct Si-H addition to carbonyls, which is proposed to occur through a pathway that previously had been reserved for later transition metal compounds.