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Most-Cherished Gemstones in the Medieval Arab World

机译:中世纪阿拉伯世界中最珍贵的宝石

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In the medieval Arab world, gemstones were used as ornaments, set in jewellery, seals, and amulets, and also were investments and status symbols. As a result of the Arab conquests and their access to new regions, the distribution and use of gemstones underwent substantial changes. Our research pieces together information regarding the production, use, trade, tradition and cultural value of gemstones from early Arabic sources; this information is compared with material found in ancient Greek and Roman sources and also European sources from the medieval period. The most valued stones were corundum, diamond, emerald and pearl. Other stones, such as turquoise, carnelian, garnet, onyx, lazurite and malachite, were less expensive and therefore more popular and common among the middle classes. Jasper, amethyst, and crystal were still cheaper and even more commonly-owned. In this article, we have chosen to present in detail the stories of two of the most exotic, expensive, and therefore most interesting gemstones: the diamond and the corundum.
机译:在中世纪的阿拉伯世界中,宝石被用作装饰品,镶嵌在珠宝,印章和护身符中,也被用作投资和地位的象征。由于阿拉伯人的征服及其进入新地区的结果,宝石的分配和使用发生了重大变化。我们的研究将来自早期阿拉伯来源的宝石的生产,使用,贸易,传统和文化价值的信息汇总在一起;将该信息与在古希腊和罗马文献以及中世纪的欧洲文献中发现的材料进行了比较。最有价值的宝石是刚玉,钻石,祖母绿和珍珠。其他宝石,例如绿松石,红玉,石榴石,on玛瑙,天青石和孔雀石,价格便宜,因此在中产阶级中更受欢迎和普遍。碧玉,紫水晶和水晶仍然更便宜,甚至更普遍。在本文中,我们选择详细介绍两种最奇特,最昂贵,因此也最有趣的宝石:钻石和刚玉。

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