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Application of a mixed culture of adapted acidophilic bacteria in two-step bioleaching of spent lithium-ion laptop batteries

机译:适应性嗜酸菌的混合培养在废旧锂离子笔记本电池两步生物浸出中的应用

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The rapid increase in the production of electrical and electronic equipment, along with higher consumption of these products, has caused defective and obsolete equipment to accumulate in the environment. In this research, bioleaching of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) used in laptops is carried out under two-step condition based on the bacterial activities of a mixture of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. First, the best inoculum ratio of two acidophilic bacteria for the mixed culture is obtained. Next, adaptation is carried out successfully and the solid-to-liquid ratio reaches 40 g L-1. Response surface methodology is utilized to optimize the effective variables of initial pH, iron sulfate and sulfur concentrations. The maximum recovery of metal is about 99.2% for Li, 50.4% for Co and 89.4% for Ni under optimum conditions of 36.7 g L-1 iron sulfate concentration, 5.0 g L-1 sulfur concentration and initial pH of 1.5 for the best inoculum ratio of 3/2. Results of FE-SEM, XRD and FTIR analysis before and after bioleaching confirm that bacterial activity is a promising and effective route for metal recovery from spent LIBs. Toxicity assessment tests demonstrate the suitability of the bioleached residual as a nonhazardous material that meets environmental limitations for safe disposal.
机译:电气和电子设备产量的快速增长,以及这些产品的更高消耗,已导致有缺陷的和过时的设备积聚在环境中。在这项研究中,笔记本电脑中使用的废锂离子电池(LIB)的生物浸出是基于酸性氧化硫硫杆菌和氧化硫硫杆菌的混合物的细菌活性在两步条件下进行的。首先,获得用于混合培养的两种嗜酸性细菌的最佳接种量。接下来,成功地进行了适应,并且固液比达到40 g L-1。响应面方法用于优化初始pH,硫酸铁和硫浓度的有效变量。在最佳浓度的36.7 g L-1硫酸铁,5.0 g L-1硫浓度和初始pH为1.5的最佳条件下,Li的金属最大回收率约为99.2%,Co的50.4%,Ni的89.4%。比为3/2。生物浸出前后的FE-SEM,XRD和FTIR分析结果证实,细菌活性是从废旧LIB中回收金属的有前途和有效途径。毒性评估测试表明,生物浸出残留物适合作为无害材料,符合安全处置的环境限制。

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