Performance and stability of PTB7:PC_(71)BM based polymer solar cells, with ECZ and/or PVK dopants, under the application of an external electric field

摘要

The effect on the J-V behavior of polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on the active layer PTB7:PC_(71)BM under a previous application of an external electric field (E_(ext)) is presented. The active layer is doped with 0.01-0.04 wt. ratio (with respect to PTB7) of poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) as a photoconductor, and/or 0.25-0.5 wt. ratio of 9-ethylcarbazole (ECZ) as plasticizer. The general PSC structure was Glass-ITO/PEDOT:PSS/ PTB7:PC_(71)BM:dopant/PFN/FM where dopant means PVK, ECZ or a mixture of them. Field's metal (FM) is an eutectic alloy with a melting point above 62 ℃, which is deposited in a vacuum free atmosphere. Electric fields of 5 or -70 V/μm (forward and reversed polarity, respectively) are applied. For PSCs doped with PVK, under forward polarity, it is observed a remarkable variation (36 %) on J_(sc): from 7.7 to 4.9 mA/cm~2, while V_(oc) remains almost constant: ～0.76 V; whereas with the reversed polarity, a drastic variation of 95 % is observed on V_(oc): from 0.76 to 0.04 V; while J_(sc) value changes from 7.4 to 5.6 mA/cm~2 (24 %). On the other hand, PSCs doped with the combination of ECZ and PVK, an increase of 10 % in J_(sc) is reached for reversed bias (E_(ext) = -70 V); and without applying any field, and keep them under N_2 atmosphere, a slower photovoltaic degradation, with respect to that one from all the other studied samples, is shown over 57 days of monitoring them: FF variation is of just 6 % and PCE decays only 21 %.