Safety-aware routing for motorised tourists based on open data and VGI

摘要

In this work, we present a routing approach avoiding relativelyrndangerous areas within a city. The information of how dangerousrnsome urban areas are is derived using volunteered geographicrninformation (VGI), governmental open data for detecting propertiesrnand functionalities of the urban infrastructure and historical crimerndata from police departments for detecting crime hot spots. Therefore,rnwe present the basics of crime mapping and analysis with GIS, thernpractical use of VGI for routing and describe our contribution withinrnthe field of routing solutions. Afterwards, we explore our test data inrndetail. For the practical use, we simplify all the urban infrastructurerninformation and propose a safety index, which represents the relativernsafety in the investigation area. Additionally, historical crime hot spotsrnare detected and used as routing obstacles. The arcs in the roadrnnetwork are weighted by our safety index and the historical crimernhot spots are introduced as obstacle polygons. We test our safetyawarernrouting design on Los Angeles (LA) and assume its use duringrnnight times. In this regard, from two relatively far away situated originrnand destination points, we calculate the least dangerous path andrncompare it with the calculated shortest path. Vehicle drivers withoutrnknowledge about the dangerous areas in the city may use the leastrndangerous path, which is based on our calculated safety index. Finally,rnwe discuss the effectiveness of our method and consider furtherrnextensions using freely available geodata.