首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society >Body Size and Shape of the Large Carpenter Bee,Xylocopa virginica (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
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Body Size and Shape of the Large Carpenter Bee,Xylocopa virginica (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

机译:大型木匠蜜蜂Xylocopa virginica(L.)的体型和形状(膜翅目:Apidae)

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In bees, both body size and shape may show considerable variation associated with differences between females and males, among populations, and due to local environmental variation. We studied multiple parameters of body size and shape of the large carpenter bee Xylocopa virginica, to understand how body size and shape are influenced by sex, and by seasonal and annual variation. In addition, we compared bees from a population near the northern edge of the range (southern Ontario, ON) which experience relatively severe winters, to bees from the central portion of the range (Maryland, MD), which experience milder winters. Overall, males and females differed in linear dimensions but were more or less the same mass. Seasonal variability was investigated using ON bees. In winter, females and males had the same overall mass, but male thoracic volume and linear dimensions such as head capsule width, intertegular width, and costal vein length, were all larger for a given mass. In summer, males weighed less than females, due to loss of mass from the abdomen. Year-to-year differences in size and shape were indicated in MD bees, which exhibited significant differences in linear dimensions and dry mass, but not wet mass. In addition, northern bees were smaller than southern bees in terms of linear dimensions, but it is not entirely clear if overwintering mass differs. We suggest that seasonal and sex differences in size are related to the different flight activity patterns of males and females in summer, and that geographic differences between the two populations are related to the length and duration of winters.
机译:蜜蜂的体型和体型都可能显示出很大的差异,这与雌性和雄性,种群之间的差异以及局部环境变化有关。我们研究了大型木匠蜜蜂Xylocopa virginica的体形和形状的多个参数,以了解体形和形状如何受到性别,季节和年度变化的影响。此外,我们比较了该山脉北部边缘(安大略省南部安大略省)冬季相对较重的蜜蜂与该山脉中部(马里兰州马里兰州)冬季较温和的蜜蜂。总体而言,雄性和雌性的线性尺寸不同,但质量基本相同。使用ON蜜蜂调查季节变异性。在冬季,雌性和雄性的总质量相同,但是雄性胸腔的体积和线性尺寸(例如头囊宽度,椎间宽度和肋静脉长度)在给定质量下都较大。在夏季,由于腹部质量的损失,雄性体重小于雌性体重。 MD蜜蜂的大小和形状逐年不同,它们在线性尺寸和干重方面表现出显着差异,但湿重却没有。另外,就线性尺寸而言,北部蜜蜂小于南部蜜蜂,但是不清楚越冬质量是否不同。我们建议,季节和性别的大小差异与夏季男女飞行活动模式的不同有关,并且两个种群之间的地理差异与冬季的长度和持续时间有关。

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