地域資源のフル活用によるエネルギー生産型農業•農村の構築

摘要

Rural area produces food, material and energy benefiting from solar and by recycling use of resources. Recently, rural area has become impoverish owing to progress of economy rationalism. Agriculture changed from energy productive to energy consumptive due to seeking for land and labor productivity, change in life style and food culture, lack of energy saving. In this paper, energy consumption in agriculture, possibility to gain energy from biomass, and substitution of fossil energy by biomass use is analyzed. Evaluation methods of biomass use are also arranged. Full use of regional resources is needed to activate agriculture and forestry, and to reconstruct rural area. Biomass use and introduction of renewable energy should be promoted so as to expand rural economy considering regional characteristics. Combination of various measures and their packaging would accelerate the revival of energy productive agriculture. The target ratio of energy-production by fossil energy consumption is 1.3, Social-shift opens the way of creating affluent rural area.%農村地域は，太陽の恵みと資源を循環利用する営みにより食科と資材とエネルギーを供給する場である。近年は，数々の施策にもかかわらず経済合理主義の進展とともに疲弊傾向にある。エネルギー需給面から見ると，農業における土地生産性と労働生産性の追求，生活様式と食文化の変容，省エネ対策の不足等により，生産型から消費型になった。後継者不足は深刻であり，このままの状態が続くと，都市の上流域に立地する場合が多い農村の持つ国土保全機能が喪失し，大きなリスクとなる。