Measurement and source characteristics of carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere in Kaohsiung city, Taiwan

摘要

The concentrations of eighteen atmospheric carbonyls species were measured by the LpDNPH-Cartridge and the microcomputer air sampling device at Nan-Chie (northern part) and Hsiung-Kong (southern part) sites in Kaohsiung city, southern Taiwan. These samples were then analyzed using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Measurements showed that the highest concentrations of carbonyls were formaldehyde (18.33 and 18.74 μg m~(-3)) at the Nan-Chie and Hsiung-Kong site, followed by acetalde-hyde (14.90 and 15.71 μg m~(-3)). The concentrations of total carbonyls were higher at Hsiung-Kong site (66.96 μg m~(-3)) than at Nan-Chie site (60.41 μg m~(-3)). The concentrations of total carbonyls at Nan-Chie site (or Hsiung-Kong site) were 74.06 μg m~(-3) (89.99 μg m~(-3)) in summer and 37.14 μg m~(-3) (46.50 μg m~(-3)) in winter, due to the fact that photochemical activities are stronger in summer than in winter. The results of principal component analysis (PCA)/absolute principal component scores (APCS) suggest that the primary pollution sources at Nan-Chie were vehicle exhausts (gasoline and diesel engines), stationary emissions (petrochemical and food industry) and restaurant emissions, and the primary pollution sources at Hsiung-Kong were vehicle exhausts (gasoline and diesel engines), stationary emissions (metal assembly and petrochemical industry) and restaurant emissions.